Urban Design and Transportation Creating options and opportunities

Community Service Integration ► Thinking of transportation as more than travel  Remember, transportation is a derived good  Integrating opportunities to accomplish many tasks other than commuting ► Child Care ► Retail services ► Employment opportunities ► Opportunities for mode transfers

Community Service Integration

Successful Design Principles ► Stations as Community Hubs ► Tapering of Densities from Stations ► Presence of a Major Public Amenity ► Mixed Land Uses ► Intermodalism ► Accent on Livability ► Parking Management

Successful Design Principles ► Stations as Community Hubs  The center of the neighborhood  Hub has a visual focus  Hub has a functional focus

Successful Design Principles ► Tapering Densities from Stations  Concentration of activities (the functional focus of the station)  Supply of transportation proximate to demand  “ Livable ” areas further removed from majority of traffic and congestion

Successful Design Principles ► Presence of Major Public Amenity  The “ Visual Focus ”  Public Square or Park  Administrative Center  Harkening back to the Agora  Public Space = Public Use, Public Involvement

Successful Design Principles ► Mixed Land Uses  Provision of “ All-Day, All-Week ” Trip Generators  Promotion of Travel Efficiencies  Creation of a Vibrant Neighborhood (aside from transportation issues)

Successful Design Principles ► Intermodalism  Seamless Connectivity  Multimodal

Successful Design Principles ► Accent on Livability  Landscaping  Public Amenities  Public Art  Public Furniture  Shade

Successful Design Principles ► Parking Management  Pricing ► Make cost of auto use more visible  Siting ► Balancing “ seamless transfer ” with access to non- transport activity

Considerations for Design ► Density ► Land Use Composition ► Public Environment ► Urban TOD or Neighborhood TOD?

Density ► Density accomplishes a number of things  Shortens trips  Encourages non-motorized travel  Increases private and public mode occupancy ► Increased Density = Decrease in VMT  Vehicle Miles Travelled

Density ► Rules of Thumb:  7 units / acre supports basic bus service  15 units / acre supports premium bus service  units / acre supports light rail

Densities ► Type of density matters  Employment Density ► ~ 25 jobs per acre (bus) ► ~ 15,000 jobs within a half mile  Residential Density

Land Use ► Goal is to internalize trip making  Analogous to internalizing costs of trips ► Reduce feeling of being stranded ► Shared parking reduces demand for land

Land Use

Design Quality ► Makes you want to be there ► Pedestrian Friendly

Design Quality

► Create Pedestrian Streets ► Orient Buildings to the streets ► Set minimum FARs  Minimizes dead space .35  2 ► Grids are good ► Traffic Calming

► Short Blocks ► Continuous sidewalk network ► Safety ► Landscaping Design Quality