Surface Disposal Surface Disposal (Solids) 1 Analiza U. Miso, Xavier University Adapted from TILLEY et al. (2008)

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Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: 3 Contents 1.Concept 2.How it can optimize SSWM 3.Design principals 4.Operation and maintenance 5.Applicability 6.Advantages and disadvantages 7.References

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: 4 Overview Surface Disposal refers to the stockpiling of sludge, faeces, biosolids, or other materials that cannot be used elsewhere. Once the material has been taken to a surface disposal site, it is not used later. This technology is primarily used for biosolids, although it is applicable for any type of dry, unusable material. 1. Concept

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: 5 The surface disposal of sludge, faeces, bio-solids etc. can help in optimizing your local water management and sanitation system and make it more sustainable by: Allowing for a controlled disposal where other treatment and reuse options are not possible or acceptable Reducing nuisance and the risk of direct contact with the material if located far from and protected from the public. 2. How it can optimize SSWM

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: 6 This technology is done by simply stockpiling of sludge, faeces, biosolids, or other materials that cannot be used elsewhere. More advanced surface disposal systems may incorporate a liner and leachate collection system in order to prevent nutrients and contaminants from infiltrating the groundwater. 3. Design Principals Functional Design of a Surface Disposal. Source: TILLEY et al. (2008)

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: 7 Maintenance staff should ensure that only appropriate materials are disposed of at the site, and must maintain control over the traffic and hours of operation. 4. Operation and Maintenance

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: 8 Since there are no benefits gained from this type of disposal technology, it should not be considered as a primary option. However, where acceptance towards biosolid use does not exist, the contained and controlled stockpiling of biosolids is far preferable to uncontrolled dumping. Biosolids can be applied in almost every climate and environment, although they should not be stored where there is frequent flooding or where the groundwater table is high. 5. Applicability

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages: Can make use of vacant or abandoned land Low cost May prevent unmitigated disposal Simple technique for all users ( TILLEY et al. 2008) Disadvantages: Non-beneficial use of a resource Odours are normally noticeable (depending on prior treatment) May require special spreading equipment Micro-polutants may accumulate in the soil and contaminate groundwater ( TILLEY et al. 2008)

Surface Disposal Find this presentation and more on: References TILLEY, E., LÜTHI, C., MOREL, A., ZURBRÜGG, C., SCHERTENLEIB, R. (2008): Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies, Switzerland, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science (EAWAG) & Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC). Pp

Surface Disposal 11 “Linking up Sustainable Sanitation, Water Management & Agriculture” SSWM is an initiative supported by: Compiled by: