IR-4 Collaborations addressing Pest Management in Greenhouses Cristi L Palmer, PhD IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Manager

l Acknowledgements

l IR-4 Mission Facilitate registration of sustainable pest management technology for specialty crops and minor uses

l COLLABORATION col·lab·o·ra·tion noun 1.the action of working with someone to produce or create something 2.traitorous cooperation with an enemy

l Historically IR-4 is built on collaboration Four geographic regions, Headquarters, USDA-ARS companion program all work together “with the tenacious thread of cooperation” for the specialty crop grower

IR-4 WSR Sisco, Pringle-Tolson NCR Miyazaki NER Ross SOR Samuel-Foo Vea Nagahiro Baron Novak Palmer Burke USDA-ARS Schwartz Bierbrunner IR-4 HQ

Cosky Doskocil Chamberlin Kalmowitz Krause Atkinson Loughner Bogron Ludwig Rechsigl Barcel Peck Darnell Myers Mandava Walls Brotherton Dirks Meneley Marvin Wrubel Schwartau Leggett Miller Perdomo Keese Fletcher Abi-Ghanem Stallings Johnson Choppakatla Whipple Gilrein Kunkel Gill Smitley Canas Frank Chong Osborne Reding Buss Manion Potter Vafaie Davis Arthurs Bethke Hara Braman Oetting Cloyd Cowles Cranshaw Parella Casey Sadof Schultz McKensie AmericanHort NJNLA Individual Growers AFE SAF MNLA Wong EPA State Agencies IR-4

l 36,000+ Crop Uses 101+ Registered Products 30,286 Studies 31,991 Completed Trials 60 – 70 researchers every year 50% of archived records validated

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l Types of Collaborative Teams Teams that deal with registration data needs – Efficacy: Mites, Thrips, Whiteflies – Crop Safety Teams for specific invasive species – Q Biotype Whitefly – Arthropod Shipping Teams for special circumstances – Pollinator Protection

l IR-4 Activities on behalf of the Green Industry: Data development for registration support Photos by Cristi Palmer

l Research Team Dr. Steven Arthurs Dr. James Bethke Dr. Luis Canas Dr. Christine Casey Dr. Yan Chen Dr. Juang-Horng Chong Dr. Ray Cloyd Dr. Whitney Cranshaw Mr. Terry Davis Dr. Steven Frank Mr. Dan Gilrein Dr. Kevin Heinz Dr. David Held Dr. Dick Lindquist * Dr. Scott Ludwig * Dr. Ron Oetting * Dr. Michael Parrella Dr. Michael Reding Dr. Dave Smitley Dr. Lucia Villavicencio * Dr. Doug Walsh Boxwood Blight Thrips Efficacy Weeping Laurel Thrips Thrips simplex on Gladiolus T. Davis, MSU Western Flower Thrips Chili Thrips L. Osborne, UFL Funding Sources: USDA-NIFA, USDA-ARS, registrant donations

l Research Goals Screen new active ingredients for managing: – Western Flower Thrips – Chilli Thrips – Cuban Laurel Thrips – Weeping Fig Thrips – Orchid Thrips – Privet Thrips – Gladiolus Thrips Integrate biopesticides and ‘softer’ chemistries Determine impact of newer actives on beneficial organisms Determine level of crop safety for new products Thrips Efficacy

l Research Goals Screen new active ingredients for managing: – Western Flower Thrips – Chilli Thrips – Cuban Laurel Thrips – Weeping Fig Thrips – Orchid Thrips – Privet Thrips – Gladiolus Thrips Thrips Efficacy Outcomes 395 trials in 52 experiments from 2005 through 2015 with 20 researchers looking at 59 different products from 26 registrants on 7 different thrips species

IR-4 Thrips Efficacy Project 1 less researcher 10 more registrants

l Products (Active Ingredients) Chilli (Scirtothrips dorsalis) Western Flower (Frankliniella occidentalis) A16901B 45WG (Cyantraniliprole + thiamethoxam)3.3 (1 - 5) n6 Labeled Aria 50SG (Flonicamid)4.0 (4 - 4) n1 Labeled2.4 (1 - 5) n8 Labeled Avid 0.15EC (Abamectin)4.0 (4 - 4) n1 Labeled2.9 (1 - 5) n9 Labeled AzaGuard (Azadirachtin)2.2 (1 - 3) n6 Labeled BotaniGard ES (Beauveria bassiana)3.5 (1 - 5) n8 Labeled Conserve SC (Spinosad)3.5 (3 - 4) n2 Labeled2.8 (1 - 5) n31 Labeled DPX-HGW86 (Cyantraniliprole)2.2 (2 - 5) n13 Labeled Flagship 25WG (Thiamethoxam)3.7 (1 - 5) n3 Labeled2.3 (1 - 5) n20 Labeled Grandevo (MBI 203 DF) (Chromobacterium subtsugae NRRL B ) 1.5 (1 - 3) n6 Labeled Hachi-Hachi EC (Tolfenpyrad)3.0 (3 - 3) n1 Labeled3.4 (1 - 5) n20 Labeled Kontos (BYI SC) (Spirotetramat)1.0 (1 - 1) n3 Labeled2.3 (1 - 5) n18 Labeled Mesurol 75-W (Methiocarb)2.6 (1 – 5) n5 Labeled Mainspring (A20520A) 200SC (Cyantraniliprole)3.3 (3 - 4) n3 Labeled Overture 35WP (Pyridalyl)3.0 (3 - 3) n1 Labeled3.8 (1 - 5) n9 Labeled Proud 3 (Thyme oil 5.6%)2.1 (1 - 5) n7 Labeled Pylon (Chlorfenapyr)5.0 (5 - 5) n1 Labeled3.6 (1 - 5) n14 Labeled Rycar (SP3009/NNI-0101) (Pyrifluquinazon)1.5 (1 - 4) n11 Safari 20SG (Dinotefuran)4.0 (4 - 4) n2 Labeled2.5 (1 - 3) n4 Labeled TickEx EC (Metarhizium anisophliae)1.7 (1 - 5) n13 Labeled TriCon (BW 420) (Sodium tetraborahydrate decahydrate)3.3 (1 - 5) n6 TriStar 30SG (Acetamiprid)4.0 (3 - 5) n2 Labeled2.4 (1 - 5) n5 Labeled Venerate (MBI 206 F) (Burkholderia sp. strain A396) 1.3 (1 - 2) n7 Thrips Efficacy across Experiments – Stand Alone

l Products (Active Ingredients) Western Flower (Frankliniella occidentalis) Conserve SC (Spinosad)2.8 (1 - 5) n31 Labeled Rotation: Aria / Hachi-Hachi / Pylon (Flonicamid / tolfenpyrad / chlorfenapyr) 3.0 (1 - 5) n2 Rotation: Botanigard / Hachi-Hachi (Beauveria bassiana / tolfenpyrad) 3.5 (3 - 4) n2 Rotation: Botanigard + MoltX / Botanigard (Beaveria bassiana + BW533 / B. bassiana) 1.8 (1 - 3) n4 Rotation: Botanigard + SuffOil-X / Botanigard (Beaveria bassiana + paraffin oil / B. bassiana) 2.0 (1 - 3) n5 Rotation: Conserve / Hachi-Hachi / Pylon (Spinosad / tolfenpyrad / chlorfenapyr) 5.0 (5 - 5) n1 Rotation: Rycar / Hachi-Hachi (Pyrfluquinazon / tolfenpyrad) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 Rotation: Tick-Ex / Hachi-Hachi (Metarhizium anisophliae / tolfenpyrad) 3.5 (2 - 5) n2 Tank Mix: Aria + Rycar (Flonicamid + pyrfluquinazon) 3.3 (1 - 5) n3 Tank Mix: BotaniGard + Tick-Ex (Beauveria bassiana + Metarhizium anisophliae) 1.0 (1 - 1) n3 Tank Mix: Botanigard 22WP + BW130 (Beauveria bassiana + BW130) 3.0 (3 - 3) n1 Thrips Efficacy across Experiments – Rotations & Tank Mixes

l Research Goals Screen new active ingredients for managing: – Western Flower Thrips – Chili Thrips – Cuban Laurel Thrips – Weeping Fig Thrips – Orchid Thrips – Privet Thrips – Gladiolus Thrips Thrips Efficacy Outcomes 395 trials in 52 experiments from 2005 through 2015 with 20 researchers looking at 59 different products from 26 registrants on 7 different thrips species Thrips Efficacy Summary 2014 (5 th edition) Registrations approved: – A16901B 45WG (2014) – DPX-HGW (2008, 2014) – Conserve (2008) – Flagship 25WG (2010) – Hachi-Hachi EC (2010) – Hachi-Hachi SC (2013) – Kontos (2010) – Mainspring 200SC (2014) – Orthene TTO97 (2008) – Overture 35WP (2011) – Pylon (2010) – Safari 20SG (2011) – TickEx EC (2011)

l Research Goals Integrate biopesticides and ‘softer’ chemistries Thrips Efficacy Outcomes Evaluated – 13 Rotation and Tank Mix programs – 7 stand alone microbial products – 7 stand alone plant extracts – 6 stand alone softer chemistries

l IR-4 Activities on behalf of the Green Industry: Coordination of research teams for invasive species Photos by Cristi Palmer

Photo by Cristi Palmer

l Research Team Dr. James Bethke Dr. Arnold Hara Dr. Lance Osborne Dr. Cindy McKenzie Arthropod Shipping Project Funding Sources: USDA-APHIS University of Florida B. Vandermeyer

l Research Goals Describe Duponchelia fovealis life cycle and characteristics Screen chemical and biological tools Study seasonal abundance Screen biological and chemical tools for management of model pests under simulated and actual shipping Arthropod Shipping Project L. Osborne

l IR-4 Activities on behalf of the Green Industry: Pollinator Protection Research Photos by Cristi Palmer

Ornamental Horticulture Pollinator Workshop Dec 15-16, 2014 Cristi L Palmer IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program Manager

l Ornamental Horticulture Pollinator Workshop Outcomes Better understanding of risk assessment process and the data needed Identification of key knowledge gaps How scientific results are communicated is important

l How has IR-4 been so successful? Collaboration!

Thank you ! Funding for IR-4 Research: USDA-NIFA USDA-ARS USDA-APHIS Land Grant Institutions Researchers: All the fine researchers throughout the US and in cooperating countries IR-4 Personnel: Susan Bierbrunner Michelle Foo Edith Lurvey Satoru Miyazaki Mika Pringle- Tolson Marylee Ross Becky Sisco Ely Vea Growers: Who donate time to complete the biennial survey and all those plant materials!

Thank you ! Photo by Cristi Palmer

Registration support research was based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number with substantial cooperation and support from the State Agricultural Experiment Stations and USDA-ARS. Invasive species activities were partially supported by USDA-APHIS- CPHST through the FY2011, FY 2012, and FY2013 Farm Bills.