Biomes Standards 6a & 6b

6a: Students know biodiversity is the sum total of different kinds of organisms and is affected by alterations of habitats. 6a: Students know biodiversity is the sum total of different kinds of organisms and is affected by alterations of habitats. 6b: Students know how to analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from changes in climate, human activity, introduction of non-native species, or changes in population size. 6b: Students know how to analyze changes in an ecosystem resulting from changes in climate, human activity, introduction of non-native species, or changes in population size.

What affects climate? Climate in an area is affected by two main things Climate in an area is affected by two main things Direct sunlight (heat)Direct sunlight (heat) PrecipitationPrecipitation Climate directly affects the type of biome Climate directly affects the type of biome Biome is an environment with specific vegetation and organismsBiome is an environment with specific vegetation and organisms If it is cold, you have organisms that are suitable to the ____If it is cold, you have organisms that are suitable to the ____

Biomes Because of these two factors combined, we get specific biomes at specific areas. Because of these two factors combined, we get specific biomes at specific areas. For example, at the equator, there is a lot of sunlight, and a lot of precipitation, so there is a tropical rainforest. For example, at the equator, there is a lot of sunlight, and a lot of precipitation, so there is a tropical rainforest. At 30°, there is a lot of sunlight, but little or no precipitation, so there is a desert. At 30°, there is a lot of sunlight, but little or no precipitation, so there is a desert.

Overview Sunlight and precipitation affect the climate Sunlight and precipitation affect the climate Climate over an environment produces a biome Climate over an environment produces a biome A biome has organisms suited to the climate A biome has organisms suited to the climate Biomes generally occur on the same latitudes Biomes generally occur on the same latitudes

Biomes There are two main types of biomes There are two main types of biomes LandLand Aquatic (water)Aquatic (water) We will cover both today We will cover both today

Land Biomes Most land biomes are named after their climax community. Most land biomes are named after their climax community. Some of the land biomes Some of the land biomes TundraTundra Taiga (TIGH-guh)Taiga (TIGH-guh) Temperate deciduous forestTemperate deciduous forest GrasslandGrassland Tropical rain forestTropical rain forest DesertDesert

Tropical rain forest Tropical dry forest Tropical savanna Temperate woodland and shrubland Desert Temperate grassland Boreal forest (Taiga) Northwestern coniferous forest Temperate forest Mountains and ice caps Tundra

Aquatic biomes There are 3 main types of aquatic biomes. There are 3 main types of aquatic biomes. The amount of salt determines the type of biome. The amount of salt determines the type of biome. The 3 main types of aquatic biomes The 3 main types of aquatic biomes FreshwaterFreshwater Marine (saltwater)Marine (saltwater) EstuariesEstuaries

Tundra Tundra Tundra Located near the polesLocated near the poles Treeless biome covered by moss, lichens, and grassesTreeless biome covered by moss, lichens, and grasses Permafrost – a layer of permanently frozen subsoilPermafrost – a layer of permanently frozen subsoil

Taiga (Boreal Forest) Taiga Taiga Covered by coniferous (cone bearing) trees.Covered by coniferous (cone bearing) trees. Bears, wolves, moose, elk are some of the typical animalsBears, wolves, moose, elk are some of the typical animals Coniferous Forest Coniferous Forest

Temperate Biomes Temperate climates characterized by cold winters and hot summers Temperate climates characterized by cold winters and hot summers Plants change during the seasons (leaves change color)Plants change during the seasons (leaves change color) Deciduous Forest, Woodland & Shrubland, Grassland Deciduous Forest, Woodland & Shrubland, Grassland

Grasslands Grasslands Grasslands Most of the rainfall occurs in one part of the seasonMost of the rainfall occurs in one part of the season Hot summers, cold wintersHot summers, cold winters

Tropical Rain/Dry Forest Tropical rain forest Tropical rain forest Located at equatorLocated at equator Receive centimeters of rain a yearReceive centimeters of rain a year Constant temperature.Constant temperature. Home of the most types of animals than any other biome. Many colorfulHome of the most types of animals than any other biome. Many colorful Dry forest: less precipitation Dry forest: less precipitation

Deserts Deserts Deserts Located at 30° latitudeLocated at 30° latitude Less than 25 cm of rain falls a yearLess than 25 cm of rain falls a year Both plants and animals must be able to retain moisture.Both plants and animals must be able to retain moisture. Birds, lizards, snakes, insects are typicalBirds, lizards, snakes, insects are typical Cactus and sagebrush sparsely cover the areaCactus and sagebrush sparsely cover the area

Freshwater biomes Rivers, streams, and lakes Rivers, streams, and lakes

Marine Biomes Includes all of the ocean Includes all of the ocean Marine biomes are divided into 4 subcategories Marine biomes are divided into 4 subcategories Intertidal zoneIntertidal zone Neritic zoneNeritic zone Open-sea zoneOpen-sea zone Deep-sea zoneDeep-sea zone

Estuaries Estuaries are the boundaries between freshwater and saltwater. Estuaries are the boundaries between freshwater and saltwater. Since it is a mix of the two, a variety of organisms can be supported. Since it is a mix of the two, a variety of organisms can be supported. Examples of estuaries Examples of estuaries Delta, swamp, lagoonDelta, swamp, lagoon

Biome Project In groups of 3-4, create a biome presentation In groups of 3-4, create a biome presentation Give information about the biome, including: Give information about the biome, including: Temperature range (graph)Temperature range (graph) Precipitation (graph)Precipitation (graph) Location (latitudes/areas)Location (latitudes/areas) Plants (vegetation)Plants (vegetation) AnimalsAnimals Interesting FactsInteresting Facts Posterboard or Powerpoint acceptable Posterboard or Powerpoint acceptable More visuals, the better More visuals, the better points points Due in two weeks! Due in two weeks!

To help you out… A Biology Textbook A Biology Textbook boratory/Biome/ boratory/Biome/

Preplan… What kind of presentation will you do? Powerpoint? Posterboard? What kind of presentation will you do? Powerpoint? Posterboard? Who is doing what? Research? Picture finding? Who’s good with computers? Who’s bringing materials? Who is doing what? Research? Picture finding? Who’s good with computers? Who’s bringing materials? When do you want to meet up? Contact info? When do you want to meet up? Contact info? Anything else you can think of… Anything else you can think of…