Grab a Contrast Sheet from front table Contrast the Patriots v British in regards to their Military Strengths and Weaknesses Use the Textbook Ch 6

 England v. Colonies ◦ Advantages ◦ Disadvantages

 England ◦ Strongest Navy in World ◦ Large Well Trained Army ◦ 8 million in population ◦ Lots and lots of wealth

 Continentals ◦ No Navy ◦ Lack of Experience ◦ Lack of Ammo and Weapons  Advantages? ◦ Home Turf ◦ George Washington ◦ Founding Fathers

 Recruitment  Enlistment ◦ White Men ◦ Women ◦ African Americans

 Continental Army Recruitment Poster Activity  Goal: To Create a Poster that would have been used to recruit soldiers for the Continental Army. ◦ Directions: To create an effective Recruitment Poster you must do the following: ◦ Be creative ◦ Use illustrations ◦ Use persuasive language to encourage prospective soldiers to join up ◦ Use propaganda against the British ◦ Use Color ◦ Include information on battles and campaigns that we have covered. ◦ Include information about who can join up ◦ Include information about what soldiers could expect as part of the Continental Army ◦ Use information from the primary sources that we have read

 Prepare for Notes and Discussions

 Lexington and Concord  Suffolk Resolves  Militia continue to gather around Boston  GW to Boston Area  While GW was en route Bunker Hill Battle

 June 16, 1775

 Benedict Arnold  Ethan Allen ◦ Green Mountain Boys

 Places cannon and dummy cannon around Boston  Tricks Howe out of Boston  Moves to engage in NY

 Divide and Conquer  Separate colonial regions from each other and conquer each separately

 Campaigns in the North, Middle and Southern Colonies  Campaign – A series of battles with an end goal in mind

 Attempts to capture Quebec and Montreal in 1775  British defeat him and invade New England

 30,000 Troops land in NY  The British Invade

 Moral very low after loss  Had to get morale up  Crosses the Delaware  Attacks Hessians at Trenton  Why Attack Hessians?

Prepare for Notes and Discussion HW Check later this period

Meanwhile… Up North!

 1777 – Gen Horatio Gates defeats Gen Burgoyne  Saves separation from New England Colonies.  Burgoyne’s Army Surrenders

 Saves the Colonies  French Alliance  New Heroes ◦ Benedict Arnold (The Boot) ◦ Captain Daniel Morgan ◦ General Horatio Gates

 Philadelphia Campaign is raging  British land a 270 ship strong fleet and invade towards Philadelphia

 Saratoga was a major victory  However in the Middle Colonies ◦ Philadelphia Lost to British ◦ Continental Congress in hiding ◦ Troops in Valley Forge

Prepare for Notes and Discussion Hand in NE Battles Map

 265 Ship Armada lands in MD from NY, led by General William Howe  Troops to march on Philadelphia  In between Philadelphia and Howe was GW

 Howe to meet GW at Battle of Brandywine  1200 American casualties  1900 British casualties

 September 1777 – Battle of the Clouds  Paoli Massacre  Battle of Germantown  All losses for Colonials

 Last effort to keep the British out of Philadelphia  The Americans suffered 152 losses, 521 wounded, and over 400 captured. The British casualties numbered 537 plus 14 captured  Despite loss, American morale boosted ◦ “Bad luck, not bad tactics”

 Continental Army Spent 6 weeks outside city  In December British launch a surprise attack but ineffectual engagement  Washington moves west to Valley Forge

 Washington's troops weary, low morale  Cold, Snowy Winter  Transformation occurs

 Hardships  Lafayette  Freidrich Von Stueben

Marquis de Lafayette and Baron Von Stueben

 France ◦ Franklin in Paris  Spain  John Adams in England as Emissary  French Alliance 1778

The Philadelphia Campaign  Login To Computer  Go to my Website  Class Documents  Open Philadelphia Campaign 2014  Read  Poster Due Monday 11/3

Prepare for notes and discussion.

 The British blockaded east coast  American privateers captured more British boats at sea than the American Navy  2,000 Privateers

 Began raiding British ports in 1777  Met a large fleet of British merchant ships escorted by a British warship  Fought for three hours  “I have not yet begun to fight.”

 What do we mean when talking about “the west” during the 1700s? Why is it so important to control?

George Rogers Clark July 1778 Americans Captured British town and renamed it Vincennes, IN Strengthened the American position in the West; Continentals control of the Mississippi

 Hero of Fort Ticonderoga and Battle of Saratoga  Planned to surrender fort at West Point NY, for sterling pounds  Became a Brigadier General in English army

 France Sends troops and a Fleet to support  Spain sends arms and ammunition

 Troops arrive  Gen. Jean Baptiste de Rochambeau

Phase 3

 Britain's Plan ◦ Invade South ◦ Loyalist support?  Francis Marion ◦ Guerrilla Warfare

"My name is Francis Marion. I fought the British Redcoats in hiding in the Carolina swamps by day, surprising them with swift strikes at night. They called me a tricky swamp fox, so a Swamp Fox I became." Francis Marion

 Following NY and Philly, Clinton’s focus moves south. WHY???  British win initial victories under General Cornwallis Read the primary sources with a partner and find out who was Francis Marion?

 GW waits for French reinforcement in Middle Colonies  Horatio Gates (replaced by Nate Green) & Americans slowly take upper- hand in south  Cornwallis retreats north to Yorktown, VA  Washington & French head for Yorktown

 Washington to NY?  Cornwallis in Yorktown, Trapped by Lafayette  Admiral de Grasse in the Chesapeake

 Split up  Rochambeau, Wayne and Washington to Yorktown

 French and American troops  7500 British and Hessian  Aug- Oct 1781  Oct 19 Surrender

General Cornwallis surrenders after the Siege of Yorktown (October, 1781)

Make sure your name and period # are on the back of your project

Prepare for Notes and Discussion Hand in your Rev War in South Map.

 British still have armies in NYC and S. Carolina  There are a few small battles after Yorktown, but British have lost will to conquer

 Treaty of Paris – 1783  John Jay, Ben Franklin and John Adams  Sept 3 Ratification

Benjamin’s West unfinished painting

 Merchants can collect Debt  Loyalists property returned

 Independent nation ◦ Territory  Withdraw all British Troops from our territory  Fishing rights off Canada

 John Adams, Ben Franklin, John Jay represent the U.S.  The Americans won  The United States was a free and independent country  Boundary  British promised to withdraw their troops from American territory  Americans had the right to fish off the coast of Canada  Americans agreed to return lost land to Loyalists.  Ratified and signed September, 1783

A new nation is recognized by Great Britain!

“With a heart full of love and gratitude, I now take my leave of you.” December 4, 1783

 The principles of the Revolution changed the world.  What were these principles??

 Home Field Advantage ◦ Ambush  Help from other Nations ◦ France and Spain  Leadership ◦ Continental Congress / GW  Spirit of the Patriots ◦ Independence

 The US in 1783

 Boycott  Committee of Correspondence  Propaganda  Quartering  Loyalist  Patriot  Olive Branch Petition  Hessian  Minuteman  Redcoat  Lexington and Concord  Bunker Hill  Fort Ticonderoga  Saratoga  Yorktown  Germantown  Brandywine  Fort Mifflin  Paoli King George III George Washington Ben Franklin John and Sam Adams Thomas Jefferson John Hancock Rochambeau Friedrich Von Stueben John Paul Jones Francis Marion Navigation Acts Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act 1764 Stamp Act 1765 Declaratory Act 1766 Townshend Acts 1767 Tea Act 1773 Boston Massacre – March Coercive Acts