Global Studies Religion Review

Confucianism China China Founder: Confucius Founder: Confucius 551 – 479 BC 551 – 479 BC 5 – Basic Beliefs 5 – Basic Beliefs 5 – Basic Relationships 5 – Basic Relationships

Ideas of Confucianism Harmony Harmony Code of Conduct Code of Conduct Peace and order Peace and order People are naturally good People are naturally good

Five Values Courtesy Courtesy Unselfishness Unselfishness Good faith Good faith Diligence Diligence Kindness Kindness

Five Relationships (Superior/Inferior) Ruler/Subject Ruler/Subject Parent/Child Parent/Child Husband/Wife Husband/Wife Older Brother/Younger Brother Older Brother/Younger Brother Friend/Friend Friend/Friend

Taoism (500 BC) Nature is full of ghosts and spirits Nature is full of ghosts and spirits Ultimate respect for nature Ultimate respect for nature Live in harmony with nature Live in harmony with nature

Hinduism Oldest, most complex religion in the world Oldest, most complex religion in the world No single founder No single founder Developed in India around 1500BC Developed in India around 1500BC Holy books: Vedas and Upanishads Holy books: Vedas and Upanishads

Reincarnation The rebirth of the soul into a new body The rebirth of the soul into a new body

Caste System Rigid social class system in India Rigid social class system in India Little social mobility Little social mobility Outlawed Today Outlawed Today

Kharma Actions in Life Actions in Life All deeds in a persons life affected his/her existence in their next life All deeds in a persons life affected his/her existence in their next life

Dharma Duties in Life Duties in Life The moral or religious duties that are expected of an individual The moral or religious duties that are expected of an individual Gender, class, age, & occupation all affect their dharma Gender, class, age, & occupation all affect their dharma

Buddhism Developed in India Developed in India 500 BC 500 BC Spread to China Spread to China Founded by “Buddha” Founded by “Buddha” Buddha enlightened one Buddha enlightened one

4 Noble Truths World is full of pain and suffering World is full of pain and suffering Suffering is caused by desire Suffering is caused by desire To end suffering you must end desire To end suffering you must end desire Follow the eightfold path to Nirvana (moral code) Follow the eightfold path to Nirvana (moral code)

Islam / Muslim Founded by Muhammad Founded by Muhammad 570 AD 570 AD Koran is their holy book Koran is their holy book Mosque = place of worship Mosque = place of worship 5 five pillars 5 five pillars

Five Pillars 1. Believe in one god – Allah 2. Give alms to the poor 3. Pray 5 times a day – face Mecca 4. Fast during Ramadan – Holy Month 5. Pilgrimage once to Mecca in a lifetime

Animism Deep respect for nature Deep respect for nature All things have spirits All things have spirits No written text No written text Practiced in China & Africa Practiced in China & Africa

Judaism 1000 BC 1000 BC Israel Israel Holy Book is the Torah Holy Book is the Torah Followers are called Hebrews Followers are called Hebrews Monotheistic Religion Monotheistic Religion

10 Commandments God gave them to the Hebrews through Moses God gave them to the Hebrews through Moses They are the laws that describe how people should behave toward god and each other They are the laws that describe how people should behave toward god and each other

Christianity Founder: Jesus Founder: Jesus Holy Book is the Bible Holy Book is the Bible Derived from Jewish tradition Derived from Jewish tradition Follow the 10 commandments Follow the 10 commandments