Processes Part 3

Wells Chapter 3 Middle English Wells 3.2 British prestige innovations Wells 3.3 Some American innvoations Wells 3.4 Later British innvoations "The Great Divide" Wells 3.1 Residualisms

Processes Part 3 In Part 1 we looked at Residualisms, which leave scattered traces in modern dialects. Part 2 dealt with more prominent processes. In Part 3 we will begin looking at processs which occurred in Britain after the Atlantic Split (American vs. British English)

p.212 Those changes which occurred in British prestige English (RP) after the “great divide” p.242 Changes occurring in American English after the “great divide” which did not affect British English p 252 Later British non-prestige changes (not in RP)

Middle English Earlier changes Shakespeare British American R Dropping BATH-TRAP Split BritishS. Hem Front Vowel Raising H-Dropping T-Glotalling L-Vocalization Loss of distinctive length LOT Unrounding Later Yod Dropping T-Voicing Preview: Great Vowel Shift NG Coalescence Long Mid Mergers FOOT-STRUT Split Pre-Fric Lengthening

p.212 Those changes which occurred in British prestige English (RP) after the “great divide” p.242 Changes occurring in American English after the “great divide” which did not affect British English p 252 Later British non-prestige changes (not in RP)

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R Wind back to p. 213: p. 215:

- Loss of R (resuming) p. 218

- Loss of R (resuming) p. 219

- Loss of R (resuming) p. 219 “Linking r”:

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R p. 218

- Loss of R p.222

- Loss of R Linking R by R Dropping p.218 Linking R by R Insertion p.222

- Loss of R R Insertion Rule p.222

- Loss of R R Insertion Rule p.222

- Loss of R R Insertion Rule p.222

Include p.226 p.222

p.228

Hypercorrections: “warehouse” p.229

p.231 secretary necessary momentary category reformatory lavatory alimony ceremony matrimony Scarborough Edinbugh Peterborough Newbury Waterbury strawberry

p232 staff bath pass ask off cloth lost frost (BATH and CLOTH Lengthening) lexically inconsistent Recap from Residualisms:

p232 staff bath pass ask off cloth lost frost (BATH and CLOTH Lengthening) lexically inconsistent Recap from Residualisms: After the “Great Divide”: BATH Broadening CLOTH Raising

BATH-TRAP Split established in England, disappears in America LOT-CLOTH Split has disappeared in England, retained in some E. Am. accents without length distinction LOSS OF PHONEMIC LENGTH in America

p. 237 Goat Fronting > Blocked by l in southern British dialects (not conservative RP) Also in America: PhiladelphSia, Pittsburgh, N.E. North Carolina (independent development?)

There'll be bluebirds over the white cliffs of Dover we'll meet again don't know where, don't know when tell the folks that I know that as you say we go I weas singing this song