U.S. Government under the Constitution
George Washington 1 st President John Adams 1 st Vice President
War – Henry Knox Treasury – A. Ham State – T.J. 1 st Presidential Cabinet
Hamilton vs Jefferson
Hamilton Strong federal govt –educated elite –Industry/Trade –Fear of mob rule
Jefferson Farmers Power with States!
A. Ham’s Econ Plan U.S. debt –foreign –citizens & soldiers –¾ national; ¼ state
Fed. pay all the debt - national & state
Southern states had paid their debt
A. Ham - Bank of the United States (B.U.S.) Print money Handle taxes & govt. $
Huge Conflict! A. Ham vs. T.J.
A Ham = Elastic Clause - get B.U.S. passed by Congress
District of Columbia = Happy South
1 st Political Parties Federalist – A.Ham – strong national govt. Democratic-Republicans T. J. – strong state govts.
Govt. needs $$ Protective Tariff – tax on imported goods $$$$ for A.H. (BUS) Excise Tax – tax on making, selling, or distributing goods
Whiskey Rebellion
Penn. Farmers won’t pay tax Beat up Fed. Marshall threatened to secede
15,000 militiamen led by G. Wash - Rebellion fizzled
Judiciary Act 1789 = Supreme Court = John Jay Chief Justice
Early U.S. Foreign Affairs
Revolution in France
Democratic Republicans T.J. Support France
Federalists support Great Britain A. Ham.
Proclamation of Neutrality
The Edmond Genêt Affair
T.J. resigns
Native Americans
1783 Treaty of Paris Remember????
British Forts Ohio Valley
Miami Confederacy Little Turtle
General “Mad Anthony” Wayne
Washington no 3 rd term
Adams – 71 electoral votes Jefferson – 68 electoral votes
2 nd John Adams
Growing Sectionalism
John Jay – Jay’s Treaty
XYZ Affair
“undeclared naval war” with France
The Alien Acts
The Sedition Acts
Principle of Nullification Virginia & Kentucky
Death of Washington
Jefferson’ Presidency
Jefferson vs Adams
Aaron Burr ran as T.J. & J.A.’s vice- president
Electoral Tie T.J. & Aaron Burr
House 6 days & 35 ballots – still tied
Alex H. got 2 Federalist to vote for T.J.
T.J. pres Aaron Burr Vice-pres
T.J. - weaken central government
Replaced Federalist govt. officials
Free trade instead of govt. regulation
T.J. - era of S. political power & waning Federalist & N.
John Marshall Chief Justice Federalist
Adams Judiciary Act of 1801 Midnight Judges
Marbury v Madison Judicial Review
Napoleon wants good relations w/U.S.
Louisiana Purchase $15 million 2x the size of U.S.
Lewis & Clark
Sacajawea
Jefferson reelected 1804
Barbary Pirates
The War of 1812
Origin of ‘Uncle Sam’
France (Napoleon) & Britain fighting (again)
France blockades G.B.
G.B. blockades France
France & G.B. both seize U.S. ships & cargoes
G.B. impressment
U.S.S. Chesapeake G.B. 3 dead 18 wounded US
Embargo Act of 1807– ban on exporting goods
Hurt U.S. more than Britain
Native Americans
Rumors of British arming N.A.
William Henry Harrison = Native American leaders signed away 3 million acres
Shawnee chief Tecumseh = confederacy against U.S.
Brother The Prophet
Remove all traces of white ‘civilization’ including Christianity
North American Confederacy
Traveled South & West
The Prophet attacks WHH
WHH - Tippecanoe River – burned Prophetstown
U.S. discovered N.A.C. = British weapons
War Hawks Calhoun S.C. Henry Clay Ky
Madison Elected President - R
Spring 1812 declared war
goes badly at 1 st -lost Detroit -couldn’t take Montreal
War at sea Blockade Some U.S. Success
1814 G.B. burns D.C
Star Spangled Banner
Andrew Jackson Battle of Horseshoe Bend Ends Native American military power
Battle of New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent
Results
industrialize
Canada is separate country
War Heroes = Andrew Jackson & WHH
Native Americans done in Ohio Valley & South
U. S. Nationalism