© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Windows Server 2003 MCSA and MCSE Upgrade Clustering Servers

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Understanding Clustering 14-2 Protection against downtime Application/service failure System/hardware failure Downtime due to planned maintenance Group of independent systems that appear as a single logical system under a single name space Based on the stable “Shared Nothing Model” What is clustering Why use clustering

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Clustering - Installation  By default, Cluster Services are installed  Basic configuration done with Cluster Administrator Configure nodes remotely (create or join) Join multiple nodes at once   New analysis phase Detects problems with hardware configuration Detects issues with software configuration

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Clustering – Troubleshooting Installation Issues with software configuration NLB configured on the nodes – not allowed Terminal Services in Application mode – supported but no fail over TS Domain access for service account - required Version and type of joining nodes – you can have Windows 2000 and Windows 2003 nodes

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Understanding Load Balancing Balance IP traffic across nodes TCP/IP and related protocols only Maximum of 32 systems/nodes Example uses: HTTP, FTP, and so on Supported on all editions of Windows 2003

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. NLB Requirements 1 MB of disk space and 4 MB of RAM TCP/IP Protocol FDDI, Ethernet LAN, or Gigabit Ethernet Hosts must reside on same subnet Can be enabled on multiple NICs per machine All cluster nodes operate in either Unicast or Multicast mode but not both

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. NLB – How does It Work? NLB resides between NIC driver TCP/IP Each packet coming in goes to every node Nodes will drop packets according to rules and algorithm

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. NLB – Unicast Mode Single MAC address used MAC used is virtual/shared MAC Always starts with 02-bf Can’t communicate with other nodes on NIC with NLB installed Default setting

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. NLB – Multicast Mode Uses both virtual/shared MAC and dedicated MAC Virtual MAC always starts with 03-bf Ability to communicate with other nodes on NIC that NLB is installed

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Network Load Balancing Stateless Applications – FTP, VPNs, Front end Web servers No long running in memory state Each client is treated as an independent operation Read only data or data that changes infrequently Up to 32 servers supported

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Server Cluster Stateful Applications - SQL, Exchange Long running in memory state Frequently updated data Up to 8 servers supported Cluster’s configuration database –tells the cluster which node is currently active

© 2002 Global Knowledge Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet Network Load Balancing Two-node database cluster Internet User Web srv 1 Web srv 1 Web srv 2 Web srv 2 Web srv 3 Web srv 3 Fibre Channel NLB and Clustering Stateful application Stateless application Web srv 4 Web srv 4