Do Now: Students come in quietlyStudents come in quietly Grab your composition notebook for laterGrab your composition notebook for later Then begin preparing a piece of paper in your notebook for Cornell Note takingThen begin preparing a piece of paper in your notebook for Cornell Note taking

Mr. Power Antioch HS Nashville, TN

Key Questions 1. How do we bring the South back into the Union? 2. How do we rebuild the South after its destruction during the war? 3. How do we integrate and protect newly- emancipated black freedmen? 4. What branch of government should control the process of Reconstruction?

Failure of Reconstruction Video: presidents/rutherford-b-hayes/videos/the- failure-of- reconstruction?m=528e394da93ae&s=und efined&f=1&free=falsehttp:// presidents/rutherford-b-hayes/videos/the- failure-of- reconstruction?m=528e394da93ae&s=und efined&f=1&free=false Do Now: How did the Reconstruction Era shift Northern and Southern conflict from the battlefield to the political sphere? What rights did the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments grant African Americans?

13 th Amendment  Ratified in December,  Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction.  Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

14 th Amendment  Ratified in July, * Provide a constitutional guarantee of the rights and security of freed people. * Insure against neo-Confederate political power. * Enshrine the national debt while repudiating that of the Confederacy.  Southern states would be punished for denying the right to vote to black citizens!

15 th Amendment  Ratified in  The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.  The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.  Women’s rights groups were furious that they were not granted the vote!

Freedmen’s Bureau (1865)  Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands.  Many former northern abolitionists risked their lives to help southern freedmen.  Called “carpetbaggers” by white southern Democrats.

Freedmen’s Bureau Seen Through Southern Eyes Plenty to eat and nothing to do.

Freedmen’s Bureau School

Slavery is Dead?

Black Codes  Purpose: * Guarantee stable labor supply now that blacks were emancipated. * Restore pre-emancipation system of race relations.  Forced many blacks to become sharecroppers [tenant farmers].

Sharecropping

Major Developments in Tennessee During Reconstruction: Because it ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, Tennessee was the only state that seceded from the Union that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction.Reconstruction Only two or three African Americans in the Tennessee legislature during Reconstruction The white, elite-dominated legislature thus had the power to add more Jim Crow laws and establish state segregation with provisions that would last until the mid- 20th century

Black Senate & House Delegates

Colored Rule in the South?

Black & White Political Participation

Blacks in Southern Politics  Core voters were black veterans.  Blacks were politically unprepared.  Blacks could register and vote in states since  The 15 th Amendment guaranteed federal voting.

Were African Americans free during Reconstruction? In what ways? What does it mean to be free? Based on these documents, was Reconstruction a success or failure? Use textual evidence

Do Now Name two failures of the Reconstruction Era that we discussed last class period.

1876 Presidential Tickets

1876 Presidential Election

Electoral College In the real Electoral College system, the number of electors for each state is the number of representatives plus the number of senators. Presently, in most states, all electors vote for the candidate the majority chose. Only Nebraska and Maine choose to split their votes.

The Political Crisis of 1877  “Corrupt Bargain” Part II?

Hayes Prevails

Alas, the Woes of Childhood… Sammy Tilden—Boo-Hoo! Ruthy Hayes’s got my Presidency, and he won’t give it to me!

A Political Crisis: The “Compromise” of 1877

Results of Compromise of 1877: Hayes said he would remove the federal troops from Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida, where they remained after the Civil War. This officially ended Reconstruction, the time of rebuilding the relationship between the North and the South.

End of Reconstruction: Jim Crow Laws and Disenfranchisement MethodsJim Crow Laws and Disenfranchisement Methods

Pap Singleton and the Exodusters: Former slave from TN who escapedFormer slave from TN who escaped Established African American Settlements in KansasEstablished African American Settlements in Kansas Organized movement of thousands of black colonists called “Exodusters”Organized movement of thousands of black colonists called “Exodusters”

Exit Ticket: Choose 2 1) Explain how the Hayes-Tilden Presidential election of 1876 brought about the end of the Reconstruction Era 2) What were the Jim Crow laws? 3) What were the Black Codes? Give an example.