Ch. 15-1: International Peace Efforts  United Nations- goal was to settle disputes and stop acts of aggression  UN General Assembly- all member nations  Security Council- 5 big powers

United Nations in NYC

UN Security Council

 UN was very similar to the League of Nations  Members often disagree  Has been relatively successful in preventing another world war

Universal Declaration of Human Rights  Guarantees civil and political rights for all people  Implemented to prevent another Holocaust

Displaced Persons  Refugees- displaced persons  Millions of people were without homes  Jews began to flee Europe out of fear and hopelessness

Refugees Leaving Germany

Refugee Camp

Yalta and Potsdam Conference  Big Three met to decide what was going to happen to the defeated nations  Germany disarmed & divided into 4 zones  War criminals put on trial

The Big Three

 Japan would be occupied by U.S. troops  Polish territory was given to the USSR  Conferences shaped post war Europe

Origins of the Cold War  US & USSR are the two super powers  Both feared each other  Arms race begins  Both give military aid to govt.’s that supported their ideas

Soviet Satellites  USSR demanded a buffer zone to prevent another German attack  Eastern Europe were politically controlled by the USSR

The Iron Curtain  USSR refused to allow E. Europeans to travel to W. Europe  Churchill said “an iron curtain had descended across Europe”