Japanese Expansion Reasons –Raw materials and markets –Land for growing population –Less dependence on foreign materials and goods

The Manchurian Crisis, 1931 Japan attacked Manchuria Renamed it Manchukuo China protested in LON Japan ordered to return Manchuria Japan withdrew from LON

The Japanese Invasion of China, 1937 Nanking (capital) and other north and eastern cities

Italy Attacks Ethiopia, 1935 Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie Why: Revenge for loss in 1800s. Creation of “Roman Empire” Emperor Salassie appealed to the LON LON applied ineffective economic sanctions 1936 Italy annexed Ethiopia

Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936 The “Pact of Steel”- Both Fascist

yFascists - Falange Party. y Republicans y Marxists. ySocialists. The National Front [Nationalists] The National Front [Nationalists] The Popular Front [Republicans] The Popular Front [Republicans] The Spanish Civil War: Italy, Germany, and Russia take sides Can you guess whose side?

The Spanish Civil War: Francisco Franco – fascist leader Fascist win

The Spanish Civil War: A Dress Rehearsal for WW II Italian troops in Madrid Italy and Germany tested new weapons technology Italy and Germany Fought against Russia in WWII

Germany Invades Rhineland March 7, 1936 Buffer area between France and Germany established by TOV Hitler violated TOV France and Great Britain do nothing

The Austrian Anschluss, 1938 Austria Hitler marches into Austria and makes it part of Germany France and Great Britain do nothing

The “Problem” of the Sudetenland 3 Million Germans lived in northwest Czechoslovakia Sept 1938, Hitler demands Sudetenland’s right to self determination

Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938 Now we have “peace in our time!” Herr Hitler is a man we can do business with. British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain

Appeasement Munich Pact/Agreement France and Great Britain give into Hitler’s demand for the Sudetenland Hitler agrees to leave the rest of Czech alone Czechs not invited!

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

The Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, 1939 Public Part: Germany and U.S.S.R. agree not to attack each other. Secret Part Germany and U.S.S.R agree to split Poland What advantage did this give Germany?