X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis in optical and x-ray or “the ‘crazy’ LMXB (low mass x-ray binary) EXO “ Trainee: Alexander Kolodzig Origin: HU Berlin, UCM Madrid (Erasmus) Tutor: Maria Diaz Trigo ESA-Stay:03/ /2008 Background Picture Credits - Binary System: with ESA, NASA and Felix Mirabel - XMM-Newton: ESA (Image by C. Carreau)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 2 Overview 1.The Observed Object 2.Light-Curve – Analysis 2.1.My Main Project-Tasks 2.2.Light Curve Creation 2.3.Modeling & Analysis 2.4.Further Analysis

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 3 Video Credits: D. Klochkov The Observed Object 1.1. Components of a LMXB (1/2)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 4 Video Credits: D. Klochkov Name and Type Name:EXO (opitcal:UY Vol star) Type:low mass x-ray binary (LMXB)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Position in the Milky Way equatorial coordinates: Figure: Sky distribution of bursters showing those observed by RXTE (Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer) Credit: Galloway et al. 2006

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig System Parameters Orbital Period:3.82 hours (Parmar et al. 1985) Estimate Distance: kpc (Wolff et al. 2005) Inclination:75° - 83° (Parmar et al. 1986) Optical Magnitude:16.9 mag (Pedersen et al. 1985) Binary Separation:0.67 AU (10 11 cm) (Cottam et al. 2002)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Members of the System Neutron-Star –estimated Mass:1.4 solar masses (SM) Companion Star –main sequence, sun like star –Mass:0.45 SM (assuming Roche lobe overflow, the spectral class & the neutron-star-mass) (Masses: Parmar et al. 1986)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Discovery (1/2) Early in 1985: esa x-ray satellite EXOSAT ( ) open detector in a maneuver detects uncatalogued x-ray source Identifier: Mr. Arvind Parmar

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 9 Credit: Parmar et al Discovery (2/2) First Light-Curve (by EXOSAT) Burst Dip Eclipse x-ray (1 - 10keV)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Main Features „light curve shows a remarkable amount of structure“ (Parmar et al. 1985) sharp x-ray & broad optical eclipses  phase depending analysis strong, irregular & periodic dipping activity frequent x-ray burster with doublets & triplets system remains active since discovery (23 years)

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 11 creation and validation of the optical light curves (LC‘s) burst-deleting & folding of x-ray & optical LC‘s comparison of the x-ray & optical LC‘s modeling of bursts & eclipses in x-ray LC‘s modeling the optical LC’s 2. Light-Curve – Analysis 2.1 My Main Project-Tasks

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 12 3 independent X-RAY cameras –EPIC PN(Array of 12 CCDs) –Wavelength - Range: keV 1 independent Optical/UV monitor (OM) 2.2. Light-Curves Creation XMM-Newton Satellite

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Optical Light-Curves (1/2) Observation-Date –in ‘Image+Fast Mode’ high time resolution –White Filter high intensity

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Optical Light-Curves (2/2) Light Curve Extraction –SAS (Science Analysis Software) task ’omfchain‘ automatic source & background selection time sampling: 1 second –good signal-to-noise ratio –inspection of the correct automatic selection –SAS task ‘barycen’ time correction to the ‘solar system barycentre’

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 15 In all cases the EPIC pn was operated in Small Window Mode with the Medium Filter and the OM in Image+Fast Mode with the White Filter Observation-Log Observations within 7 days!

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Continuum 2.3. Modeling & Analysis 2. Eclipses 3. Bursts4. Periodicities (Dips, Modulations) optical = blue x-ray = red

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig a) x-ray Continuum (1/2) Binning: 60 seconds Flux (Counts/Second) Time/Phase for all Light-Curves

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig a) x-ray Continuum (2/2) Triple Burst Double Burst just 23,4 hour time gap between Observations Binning: 60 seconds Burst Dip Eclipse

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig b) optical Continuum (1/2) Binning: 60 seconds

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig b) optical Continuum (2/2) Triple Burst Double Burst Binning: 60 seconds Burst Eclipse just 23,4 hour time gap between Observations

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig c) optical & x-ray Continuum Binning: 60 seconds Triple Burst Double Burst Burst Dip Eclipse just 24,5 hour time gap between Observations optical Flux x-ray Flux [10,45][0,220]

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig a) x-ray Eclipses (1/2) OID: Binning: 1 second

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig a) x-ray Eclipses (2/2) IngressEgress Binning: 1 second

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig b) Eclipses Results (1/2) Flux (Hard-Band): 0.24  0.20 Count/s –Ratio of Persistent Flux:5,5% Eclipses not total  evidence of a ‘Corona’ Mean-Duration:496  10 s (8.3  0.2 min) –Parmer et al. 1991:492  4.9 s from End Ingress to Start Egress X-ray: Hard-Band (5-10 keV) –less Dip affected

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig b) Eclipses Results (2/2) Period (x-ray):  0.06 s (42 Eclipse in 54 days)(3,  0, hours) –Parmar et al 1991:13766,780  0,002 s (33 Eclipses in 4.1 years; linear Ephemeris) Time Cycle OID‘s

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig c) optical Eclipses Binning red & blue: 60 seconds yellow (x-ray): 1 second optical Gap optical Flux [7,20]

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig optical LC Modeling simple Model: C -Constant A - Amplitude x o - Phase-Shift p - Period optical Periods:

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig a) Burst Modeling (1/2) OID: X-Ray: with pile-up correction Binning: 1 second x-ray Flux [0,420] optical Flux [0,110]

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig 29 X-Ray: with pile-up correction Binning: 1 second a) Burst Modeling (2/2) x-ray Flux [0,420] optical Flux [0,110]

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig b) Burst Delay

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig c) optical Risetime

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig a) Dips Definition: “Dips are due to the central x-ray source being obscured by some structure above the disk.” (e.g. Frank et al. 1987) Example-Video: Video Credits: D. Klochkov 2008

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig b) Folded Light Curve 500 points/Phase same Period for all: seconds

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Folded Light Curve

, ESAC X-Ray Binary Light-Curve Analysis - A.Kolodzig Further Analysis find super-period (around 50 or 27 hours) –preccessing, tilted accretion disc ? bursts-decay-modeling –phase-decay correlation ? better model for the optical LC’s deeper analysis of periodicities in the system and many many more (still after 23 years!)

Thanks for your Attention! Questions? Background Picture Credits - Binary System: with ESA, NASA and Felix Mirabel - XMM-Newton: ESA (Image by C. Carreau)