Mammalian Organ Systems An Introduction

Big Ideas 1. Groups of organs with specific structures & functions work together as systems, which interact with other systems of the body. 2. Technologies that are used to maintain human health have social and economic benefits and costs. 3. Environment factors, can have a wide range of effects on human health.

Introduction to Organ Systems Everywhere you look, the shape or form of things matches how they are used. – Eg. Spoon fork, duck’s foot, human hand (their structure matches their function) In biology, ANATOMY (structure) describes the shape and arrangement of the parts that make up an organism. PHYSIOLOGY describes how those parts work (function)

Organ Systems Levels of Structure Organization: CELLS  TISSUES  ORGANS  ORGAN SYSTEMS  ORGANISM The human body is made up of 11 systems Their functions are all linked (i.e. word together for a common overall function) We can organize each system based on similar functions

Organ Systems that Coordinate Communication 1. Nervous System – network of specialized cells to detect, interpret, and respond to events 2. Endocrine System – secretes hormones which affect the functions of other organs and systems

Organ Systems that Acquire Energy 1. Digestive System – breaks down nutrients 2. Circulatory System – transports nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide 3. Respiratory System – exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide

Organ Systems that Support and Move Body 1. Skeletal System – connective tissue (includes bones, ligaments & cartilage)  serve as attachment points for muscle and protects organs 2. Muscular System – includes three types of muscle tissue: 1. Skeletal – moves skeleton 2. Smooth –enables movement within organs 3. Cardiac – enables heart to beat

Organ Systems that Protects the Body 1. Urinary System – filters and excretes dissolved waste and keeps water, pH, and blood pressure levels in balance 2. Integumentary System – (skin, nails, & hair), protects the body, controls temperature, and conserves water 3. Immune & Lymphatic Systems – protect the body from infection, injury, and cancer

Organ Systems Involved in Reproduction 1. Reproductive System – includes the organs responsible for the transport of egg and sperm, as well as supporting fetal development.

Important Terms & Concepts cell specialization ? also known as cell differentiation, is the process by which generic cells change into specific cells meant to do certain tasks within the body. Hormones ? are signaling molecules produced by glands that are transported by the circulatory system to target and have an affect on distant organs.glandscirculatory system