Periodicity Experiment #7. Determine the number of atoms in 10.03g of Copper From last lab.

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Presentation transcript:

Periodicity Experiment #7

Determine the number of atoms in 10.03g of Copper From last lab

The Periodic Table: Metals Non-metals Metalloids Valence Electrons Electronegativity Ionization Energy Atomic Radius Periods ↔ Columns or Groups ↕

Metals Found to the left of the periodic table. 75% of the elements are metals. Good conductors of heat and electricity Malleable and good reflectors of light Metals tend to lose electrons Almost all are solid at room temperature Metals Non-Metals and Metalloids Non-metals Found to the right of the periodic table. Poor conductors of heat and electricity Most are gases at room temperature Non-metals tend to gain electrons Metalloids Found adjacent to the “stair case”. Metalloids exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Ionization energy and Electronegativity Ionization energy/ Electronegativity Increase

Electronegativity Vs. Ionization Energy Electronegativity - the attraction an atom has for its Valence electrons. Ionization energy - the amount of energy that is needed to remove an electron from its Valence shell. They both increase traveling across the table from left to right, and decrease traveling down the table.

Atomic Radius atomic radius Increases going down Atomic radius decreases going to the right

Reactivity Group #1 very reactive metal 1 Val e - Atomic Radius? Ionization Energy? Electronegativity? Group #2 reactive metal 2 Val e- Atomic Radius? Ionization Energy? Electronegativity? Group # 7 Very reactive non-metal 7 Val e- Atomic Radius? Ionization Energy? Electronegativity? Why is group # 1more reactive then group # 2? Why is group # 8 Nobel gases uncreative? Why is it easier for elements in group 1 to loose 1e - then to gain 7e - ? Why is it easier for element in group 7 to gain 1e - then to loose 7e - ?

Amphoteric Properties # 4 pg 98 Test NaOH for basic behavior with addition of acid Add 9 drops of H 2 O and 1 drop of NaOH to a test tube Add 2 drops phenolpthalein (indicator) to same test tube. Add dropwise Hydrochloric acid (HCL) Test NaOH for acidic behavior with addition of a base Add 9 drops of H 2 O and 1 drop of NaOH to a test tube Add 2 drops phenolpthalein (indicator) to same test tube. Add 2 drops of NH 4 OH ( a base) Record results Second Test Tube

Due Next Lab Pg 101 & 103 Sections 1-4; use your amphoteric trial data to complete 4a-4d pg103. Pg 104 Questions 1-8 For question # 5 Graph all elements 1-36 Atomic # (X-axis) Ionization energy (Y-Axis) Graphs made by hand will not be accepted. Ionization energy data found in Lab pg 106 observations from lab # 7

Lou Tisone Chem Fall 06

Metal + Oxygen  Metal Oxide 2Mg + O 2  2MgO Metal Oxide + Water  Base MgO+ 2H 2 O  Mg(OH) 2 Metal + Water  Base + H 2 Mg+ 2H 2 O  Mg(OH) 2 + H 2 Reactions With Metals

Non-Metal + Oxygen  Non-Metal Oxide S + O 2  SO 2 Non-Metal Oxide + Water  Oxy-Acid SO 3 + H 2 O  H 2 S0 4 Metalloids – May act as an acid or base (Amphoteric) Reactions with Non-Metals