Scientific Method. Bell ringer  Write what you know about the scientific method. How do you think it relates to psychology?

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Presentation transcript:

Scientific Method

Bell ringer  Write what you know about the scientific method. How do you think it relates to psychology?

Take out a scratch piece of paper  Write a question you have about human behavior (one on each half)  EX: why did I/he/she. They do that? Think that? Live that way?  Fold your paper

 Trade with up to five people without looking at the questions  Open your questions and read share them with the people around you  Discuss the questions/answers  Pick the question your group finds most interesting or intriguing

 Read question out loud  Discuss how different psychologists would analyze

Scientific Method: Step 1  Select a topic

Step 2:  Develop a theory and Hypothesis

 Theory: An organized system of ideas that seeks to explain why two or more events are related  EX: low self-esteem feeds depression

 Hypothesis: An educated prediction about the nature of things based on a theory  Testable, makes a prediction, variables are specific  EX: People with low self-esteem score higher on a depression scale

Try it out! Write a hypothesis for the question you wrote

Write a hypothesis for one of the scientific questions  Does the size of a classroom affect learning?  Does age affect fundraising?  Create one in your group (topic, theory, hypothesis,)

Step 3  Select a scientific method and consider ethical issues  Method: Laboratory or natural setting

 Sample: The group of subjects who are selected to participate  Random selection/sample: sample that fairly represents a population because all people have an equal chance of being chosen  Variables: Factors in study that can be measured and are capable of changing

How do we know our biases aren’t affecting the outcome??  Operational Definition: A very clear description of how a variable is measured  EX: How is aggression measured in a study on TV’s influence on violence  Replication: operational definition allows another researcher to repeat the study and test the findings

Is the Experiment ethical  Studies evaluated by a panel of scientists and non scientists  Priority always given to welfare of participants  ****Handouts on human and animal guidelines (Is your experiment ethical?)  ****Analyze Zimbardo Experiment

Step 4  Collect and Analyze data  Report results

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