Physical Science

Warm-up (9-8-14) Determine the independent and dependent variables, as well as the control group, experimental group, and the constants in the following scenario. – Tim just started a new landscaping company. He decides to test how well his lawn mower works to see if he needs a new one. He rents three high powered mowers from the store and tests them along with his current mower on the same size lawns. Earth Systems: – What do you find most interesting about the solar system? – Do you think that various phenomena in space impact or affect us here on Earth? Why / Why Not?

Warm-up (9-9-14) What is matter? How does matter influence your daily lives? Is gas considered matter?

Outline for the Day Objectives Why do I care? Lab Notebook Setup Demo! Matter and Energy

Objectives To observe some properties of gas To understand gas as a state of matter To introduce the concept of matter and mass and volume

Why do I care? Everything that has mass and takes up space is matter.

Lab Notebook Setup The first 2 pages (front and back) need to be kept for a table of contents – Label the tops of those pages “Table of Contents” On the first page after your Table of Contents, or page 5 is where we will begin our Lab information

p. 5 Pouring Gases Predict: – (Write a prediction of what you think will happen) Observe: – (What do you see, what do you notice?) Explain: – (Why did this happen? What evidence do you have that helps you explain what just happened?)

What’s the big idea? Everything that has mass and takes up space is matter. – Matter has mass and volume – Matter is made of atoms – Matter combines to form different substances – Matter exists in different physical states

Warm-up ( ) What is volume? Are mass and volume related at all? Does mass affect volume?

Outline for the Day Objectives Matter and Energy

Objectives To introduce the concept of matter and mass and volume To understand what an atom is and how it is important to our lives

What’s the big idea? Everything that has mass and takes up space is matter. – Matter has mass and volume – Matter is made of atoms – Matter combines to form different substances – Matter exists in different physical states

What’s the big idea? Everything that has mass and takes up space is matter. – Matter has mass and volume – Matter is made of atoms – Matter combines to form different substances – Matter exists in different physical states

mass weight matter Matter has mass and volume. 1.1 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE volume Mass is a measure of how much matter an object contains. SIMULATION Compare weights on different planets. CLASSZONE.COM CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

mass weight matter Matter has mass and volume. 1.1 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE volume Volume is the measure of the amount of space matter occupies. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter is made of atoms. 1.2 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE atom molecule An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. Two or more atoms bonded together form a molecule. Atoms and molecules are always in motion. water oxygen hydrogen CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter combines to form different substances. element 1.3 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE compound mixture Matter can be pure, such as an element (gold), or a compound (water). Element: Gold Compound: Dry Ice CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter combines to form different substances. element 1.3 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE compound mixture Matter can be pure, such as an element (gold), or a compound (water). Matter can be a mixture. Mixtures contain two or more pure substances. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter exists in different physical states. states of matter 1.4 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE solid liquid gas Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter exists in different physical states. states of matter 1.4 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE solid liquid gas Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape. Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter exists in different physical states. states of matter 1.4 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE solid liquid gas Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape. Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape. Gases have no fixed volume and no fixed shape. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Matter exists in different physical states. states of matter 1.4 SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE solid liquid gas Solids have a fixed volume and a fixed shape. Liquids have a fixed volume but no fixed shape. Gases have no fixed volume and no fixed shape. SIMULATION Explore the behavior of a gas. CLASSZONE.COM CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

Warm-up ( ) What is one interesting thing about liquids? What is one thing about gases that is different from liquids?

Outline for the Day Objectives Matter and Energy

Objectives To explore states of matter as well as phase changes.

p. 6 Changing the States of Matter We will be watching a simulation of what happens as matter changes states. You are to write down all of your observations, I will give you more detail once you see the beginning of the simulation

States of Matter and Phase Changes s-of-matter s-of-matter

Warm-up ( ) What are some general statements that can be made about the motion of atoms when they are either heated or cooled?

Outline for the Day Objectives Matter and Energy

Objectives To explore states of matter and their properties.

Bill Nye States of Matter REyA REyA During the video, get out a separate piece of paper. You need to write down 5 questions / things that you found interesting. After the video is over, you need to write a summary in your own words of what the video was about.

Work Time This is your time to work on your study guide and/or your vocab! Use it wisely

Warm-up ( ) What are three phases of matter? What does absolute zero mean?

Outline for the Day Objectives Phases of Matter Notes Simulation Properties of Gases Matter and Energy

Objectives To explain the 4 phases of matter and the properties of each phase To explore what happens when changing pressure and temperature of atoms

Phases of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Solid

Properties of Solids Fixed volume and fixed shape Particles are close together and usually form a rectangular pattern Each particle is attached to several others, so individual particles cannot move from one location to another – This makes the solid rigid

Liquid

Properties of Liquids Fixed volume but no fixed shape Take on the shape of the container they are in Particles are attracted to one another and are close together Particles are not fixed in place and can move from one place to another

Warm-up ( ) Summarize what you learned yesterday about the phases of matter and their properties.

Outline for the Day Objectives Phases of Matter Notes Simulation Properties of Gases Matter and Energy

Objectives To explain the 4 phases of matter and the properties of each phase To explore what happens when changing pressure and temperature of atoms

Gas

Properties of Gases No fixed volume or shape Can take on both the shape and the volume of a container Particles are not close to each other and can move easily in any direction Much more space between gas particles than there is in solids or liquids Space between particles can increase or decrease with changes in temperature and pressure

Plasma

Properties of Plasma Made of charged particles – Every particle can interact with every other particle, even over long distances – Can form waves and complex motion 99% of the universe is made of plasmas

Warm-up ( ) How is an object’s weight affected by gravity? (Think of how much we weighed on different planets) How is an object’s mass affected by gravity?

Outline for the Day Objectives Unifying Principle Gas Behavior Mass and Volume Lab Prep Study Guide and Vocab Work Time or Begin Mass and Volume Lab

Objectives To determine characteristics of the behavior of gases To demonstrate that gas and liquid are matter because they take up space

Unifying Principle Matter changes form and moves from place to place. *Read* Close your eyes. Listen to the scenario. Write down where the matter went. Think about what happened to the water, think about what happened to the rock.

p. 7 Properties of Gases We will be watching a simulation of what happens as matter changes states. You are to write down all of your observations, I will give you more detail once you see the beginning of the simulation

Properties of Gases properties properties

Behavior of Gases When temperature is held constant… – if pressure increases then volume decreases When volume is held constant… – if temperature increases then pressure increases When pressure is held constant… if temperature increases then volume increases

Mass and Volume Lab Prep Read through the Lab Highlight and underline important things to remember or know while working in the lab

Warm-up ( ) What are some general statements you can make about pressure and the movement of atoms?

Outline for the Day Objectives Mass and Volume Lab

Objectives To determine the properties of mass and volume and to practice using equipment to find both mass and volume of items.

Warm-up ( ) What are some general statements you can make about temperature and the movement of atoms? Which measurement involves the pull of gravity, mass or weight?

Outline for the Day Objectives Mass and Volume Lab Density information

Objectives To determine the properties of mass and volume and to practice using equipment to find both mass and volume of items.

Warm-up ( ) Are a graduated cylinder and a beaker the same thing? Explain what a graduated cylinder is and what it is used for. Explain what a beaker is.

Outline for the Day Objectives Mass and Volume Lab Density Density Tower

Objectives To explore the concept of density and to construct a density tower

Discussion Mass and Volume – If gram was the standard unit of measure for mass… – What is the standard unit of measure for weight? Kilogram

Hmmm… What’s this all about? Matter has both mass and volume. However, matter also has a property known as density.

Density What is density? – Mass / Volume – Compactness – How much mass there is per unit of volume – How much stuff can we cram into a tiny bit of space

p. 8 Density Tower Predict: Observe: Explain:

Explain

Density Tower If you were absent, set up your notebook and watch the demonstration with this link CDkJuo_LYs CDkJuo_LYs

Warm-up ( ) What does it mean if something is dense? Density describes what about an object?

Outline for the Day Objectives Density Simulation Rock Candy Experiment Prep

Objectives To explore and explain the concept of density and to construct a density tower To explore the concept of density using a simulation To demonstrate phase changes of matter by creating rock candy.

p. 9 Density Simulation Predict: Observe: Explain:

Explain

Density ty ty

Rock Candy Experiment Prep. Read through the procedures periments/homemade-rock-candy# periments/homemade-rock-candy#

Warm-up ( ) Can density be applied to solids and gases, or is it only a property of liquids? Explain your answer. How does density affect an object or a liquid?

Outline for the Day Objectives Rock Candy Experiment Notes Study Guide Work Time

Objectives To demonstrate phase changes of matter by creating rock candy.

Rock Candy Experiment Prep. Read through the procedures periments/homemade-rock-candy# periments/homemade-rock-candy#

p. 10 Rock Candy Experiment Predict: Observe: Explain:

Warm-up ( ) Write down all of the parts of experimental design for the Rock Candy experiment. – Include all of the parts: – Purpose, Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, Control, Constants…. (etc.)

Outline for the Day Objectives Rock Candy Check Quiz

Objectives To demonstrate phase changes of matter by creating rock candy.

Quiz No Talking. This is an individual quiz You need to make sure that you are using complete sentences and explaining your thoughts. Please provide well-developed ideas and good sentence structure. Yes, you will be graded on this!

Warm up ( ) What is air pressure? How does air pressure relate to the states of matter?

Outline Objectives Lab Notebook Setup Can Crusher

Objectives To determine what causes a soda can to crush To explain properties of air pressure

p. 11 Can Crusher Predict: Observe: (Draw a picture, as well as describe what happened) Explain:

Can Crusher periments/incredible-can-crusher periments/incredible-can-crusher If you’re gone, watch the following link after setting up your notebook b-6U b-6U

Explain:

Warm up ( ) Use what you know about the 4 states of matter (particularly gases) to explain how air pressure changes and what can cause it to change.

Outline Objectives Lab Notebook Setup Can Crusher

Objectives To determine what causes a soda can to crush To explain properties of air pressure

p. 11 Can Crusher Predict: Observe: (Draw a picture, as well as describe what happened) Explain:

Can Crusher periments/incredible-can-crusher periments/incredible-can-crusher If you’re gone, watch the following link after setting up your notebook b-6U b-6U

Explain:

Outline Objectives Can Crusher Follow Up Buoyancy

Objectives To explain air pressure and how this affected the can crusher experiment.

Warm up ( ) (Use what you know about density to try to explain buoyancy.) What do you think buoyancy means? How do you think buoyancy affects boats?

Outline Objectives Story Time! Buoyancy Lab Notebook Setup Float Your Boat

Objectives To determine what buoyancy is and to explore the concept

Story Time!! UCXLdk UCXLdk es/Crown/CrownIntro.html es/Crown/CrownIntro.html

Buoyancy ng/NOTES_files/Buoyancy%20NotesPDF.pdf ng/NOTES_files/Buoyancy%20NotesPDF.pdf

p Float Your Boat - Buoyancy

Warm up ( ) What do you think the difference is between buoyancy and density?

Outline Objectives Buoyancy Float Your Boat

Objectives To explore the concept of buoyancy by creating a Styrofoam boat

Warm up ( ) Explain how you went about constructing your boat. Did your group develop a plan first? Why do you think developing a plan would be important.

Outline Objectives Clean up Rock Candy and Draw conclusions Buoyancy Float Your Boat

Objectives To explore the concept of buoyancy by creating a Styrofoam boat

Warm up ( ) Explain how density, mass, and volume are related. What are the 4 phases of matter and how do molecules behave in each phase?

Outline Objectives Lab Wrap up Galileo’s thermometer Review / Lab and Information wrap UP

Objectives To review Ch. 1 and the Lab activities to prepare for Ch. 1 test

Galileo’s Thermometer temperature of the air outside the thermometer changes, so does the temperature of the water inside. – When temp. changes, what is happening to molecules? Expanding or contracting (changing density) – So, at any given density, some of the bubbles will float and others will sink. – The bubble that sinks the most indicates the approximate current temperature.

Review! What characteristic of CO2 is shared with liquids that allows you to classify it as a liquid? What is Galileo’s thermometer? And how does it work?

Warm up ( ) Write down everything you remember from ch. 1 (think about states of matter, atoms, elements, compounds, buoyancy, density, and the labs that we did)

Outline Objectives Test

Objectives To review Ch. 1 and the Lab activities to prepare for Ch. 1 test

Test No talking. Write your answers only on the answer sheet. DO NOT WRITE ON THE TEST