SLIDE 1 ADJUST INDIRECT FIRE 061-283-6003 1

ELEMENTS OF THE CALL FOR FIRE SLIDE 2 ELEMENTS OF THE CALL FOR FIRE 1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION 2. WARNING ORDER 3. TARGET LOCATION 4. TARGET DESCRIPTION 5. METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT 6. METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL 2

THE THREE TRANSMISSIONS SLIDE 3 THE THREE TRANSMISSIONS 1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION WARNING ORDER 2. TARGET LOCATION 3. DESCRIPTION OF TARGET, METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT, AND METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL 3

EXAMPLE OF A CALL FOR FIRE SLIDE 4 EXAMPLE OF A CALL FOR FIRE 1. A57 THIS IS A71,ADJUST FIRE, OVER 2. GRID, AJ396701, DIR 2400, OVER 3. TANK IN OPEN, OVER 4

TARGET LOCATION I The location will be given in a six or eight SLIDE 5 TARGET LOCATION I The location will be given in a six or eight digit grid including the Grid Zone Identifier. Also include a direction from you to the target in mils, degrees or a cardinal direction. Example of directions 2400 mils 170 degrees Southwest Mils is always assumed 5

TARGET LOCATION II A target location can also be given as a SLIDE 6 TARGET LOCATION II A target location can also be given as a polar location. That is done by given a direction and distance to the target from your location Example: DIRECTION 175 DEGREES, DISTANCE 2400, OVER 6

TARGET DESCRIPTION 1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks). SLIDE 7 TARGET DESCRIPTION 1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks). 2. What the target is doing (digging in). 3. The number of elements in the target (squad, platoon, three trucks). 4. Degree of protection (in open, in foxhole). 5. The target size and shape if significant. 7

METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT I The method of engagement is used by the trained SLIDE 8 METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT I The method of engagement is used by the trained observer to let FDC know how he wants to engage the target. For the purpose of this class, this area will not be covered in great detail. 8

METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT II SLIDE 9 METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT II If the target is within 600 meters of your location or the location of friendly troops, you will include DANGER CLOSE in your call for fire EXAMPLE: TANK IN THE OPEN, DANGER CLOSE, OVER 600 METERS 9

METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL SLIDE 10 METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL The method of fire and control is used by the trained observer to let FDC know how he wants to engage the target. For the purpose of this class, this area will not be covered. 10

SLIDE 11 CORRECTIONS OF ERRORS If the observer realizes that he has made an error in his transmission or that FDC has made an error in the read back, he announces CORRECTION and transmits the correct data. EXAMPLE The observer transmitted LEFT 200, ADD 400, OVER. He then realizes that he should have sent DROP 400. To correct this element, he sends CORRECTION LEFT 200, DROP 400, OVER. The observer must read back the entire subelement. 11

Situation 1 You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812 SLIDE 12 Situation 1 You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812 Direction to the tanks is 155 degrees at a distance of 2000 meters. Your call sign is H99 and FDC is B39. Formulate your call for fire. B39 THIS IS H99, ADJUST FIRE, OVER. GRID AJ560812, OVER. DIRECTION 155 DEGREES. 2 TANKS IN TREE LINE,OVER. 12

Situation 2 You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving on SLIDE 13 You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving on your position at grid AK307998. They are Northwest from your OP at about 500 meters. You are N24 and FDC is R81. Formulate your call for fire. R81 THIS IS N24, ADJUST FIRE, OVER. GRID AK307998, DIRECTION NW, OVER. INFANTRY SQUAD IN THE OPEN, DANGER CLOSE, OVER. 13

Situation 3 You see a company assembly area in a valley. SLIDE 14 Situation 3 You see a company assembly area in a valley. The distance to the target 3000 meters at a direction of 1730 mils. Your call sign G81 and FDC is P66. Formulate your call for fire. P66 THIS IS G81, ADJUST FIRE, OVER. DIR 1730, DIS 3000, OVER. COMPANY ASSEMBLY AREA IN THE OPEN, OVER. 14

Message To Observer After FDC receives the call SLIDE 15 Message To Observer After FDC receives the call for fire, it determines how the target will be attacked. The decision is announced to the observer in the form of a message to observer or MTO. The MTO consists of 4 items: 1. Units to fire 2. Changes to the call for fire 3. Number of rounds 4. Target number 15

EXAMPLE OF AN MTO The battalion call sign is A8T36 SLIDE 16 EXAMPLE OF AN MTO The battalion call sign is A8T36 Battery A call sign is R6G36 No changes to the call for fire are made. FDC wants to shot 4 rounds per tube and wants to shot VT (Variable Time). The MTO would be: T, G, VT IN EFFECT, 4 ROUNDS, OVER. The observer reads back the MTO: T, G, VT IN EFFECT, 4 ROUNDS, OUT. 16

ADJUSTING PHASE KEY ELEMENTS 1. The observer-target (OT) Factor SLIDE 17 ADJUSTING PHASE KEY ELEMENTS 1. The observer-target (OT) Factor 2. Spotting 3. Corrections 17

OT FACTOR The OT factor is based on the distance from SLIDE 18 OT FACTOR The OT factor is based on the distance from you to the target and is used to compute the correction that you are going to send to FDC. 18

Computing the OT Factor SLIDE 19 Computing the OT Factor Distance to target: 4200 meters Distance expressed to the nearest thousand: 4000 Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4 19

SLIDE 20 Range Spotting Over Left Right Short OT Line 20

SLIDE 21 DEVIATION SPOTTING I We can tell if the round is over or short of the target but we must be able to correct left and right to bring the round on the target. This can be done two ways. First by using the Reticle Pattern on the Binos. This example shows that the round has impacted 50 mils to the left of the target Do not send any corrections of 30 meters or less!!! 21

SLIDE 22 DEVIATION SPOTTING II Second we can use hand Measurements 22

Adjusting the Round The distance to the target is 4000 meters. SLIDE 23 Adjusting the Round The distance to the target is 4000 meters. OT factor is 4 Round impacted 50 mils left of the target The correction is right 200 50(mils) x 4(OT)= 200 23

Range Corrections I 1st Correction You always add/drop 400 want to use SLIDE 24 Range Corrections I OT Line 1st Correction add/drop 400 2nd Correction add/drop 200 3rd Correction add/drop 100 4th Correction add/drop 50 FIRE FOR EFFECT You always want to use a 400 meter bracket. First we want to bracket the target by having one round over and one round short. The first round impacted over the target so the correction would be DROP 400. 24

Range Corrections II OT Line SLIDE 25 Range Corrections II OT Line The second round impacted short of the target so the correction would be ADD 200. 25

Practical Exercise 1 The distance to the target 2200 meters SLIDE 26 Practical Exercise 1 The distance to the target 2200 meters The 1st round impacted 40mils to the right of the target. What is your correction? LEFT 80, DROP 400 26

Practical Exercise 2 The distance to the target 3500 meters SLIDE 27 Practical Exercise 2 The distance to the target 3500 meters The 2nd round impacted 10mils to the left of the target. What is your correction? RIGHT 30, ADD 200 27

FFE PHASE Your 3rd round has impacted and your next SLIDE 28 FFE PHASE Your 3rd round has impacted and your next correction will be add 50 FFE. You will now get 6 to 8 rounds impacting on the target 28

At the completion of the FFE we must determine what SLIDE 29 At the completion of the FFE we must determine what effects we had on the target and send an End of Mission (EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened. Example: TANK BURNING, END OF MISSION, OVER. 29

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