 TOTD: What did you enjoy most about Fall Break?  AGENDA:  Laptops Out  Complete the George Washington Web Quest (turn in when finished)  If finished, begin the Info Checks using the notes under Unit 4 on the website called Washington, Federalist, Jefferson Era.  If time: Division (notes/independent work)

 Here you will find notes related to Washington through the Federalist Era  Late 1700s (1780s) to the early 1800s  Use this to complete the 2 info checks.  I will go over these in class if you have any questions!

EXECUTIVE EXAMPLE -National Hero -set many precedents for future leaders -developed Cabinet – President’s closest advisors -defined appointment powers – like: power to appoint judges **1 st appointment: Chief Justice (head honcho) of the Supreme Court -expanded foreign affairs powers -became legislative leader washington

1 ST CONGRESS -Bill of Rights ratified 10 Amendments (1789) 1: RAPPS 2: ARMS 3: NO QUARTERING 5: grand jury, no double jeopardy, eminent domain, due process, no self-incrimination -passed Judiciary Act - Supreme Court, State courts, and 13 Circuit courts, Office of Attorney General --- CREATED Article III of the Constitution established the federal court system and the power of the Supreme Court

FINANCIAL DEBATE -nation had large war debt – Revolutionary War -Alexander Hamilton’s plan (HAM’S PLAN) 1.-tariff – taxes on imported goods could contribute to paying debt and excise taxes on Whiskey 2.-pay all debts – using bonds 3.-national bank system – ex. of Strong Central Government -transform Amer. into industrial economy -debate over power to create a national bank – no right given in the constitution -implied powers? (loose interpretation) WE R BROKE and I think tariff’s are awesome… YOLO! I am Washington’s Sec. of Treasury, I know what I’m talking about… Jefferson’s stupid.

The country is in debt…It has been for a while now. Imagine that Barack Obama is coming out with a new policy to tax the use of Instagram, Twitter and text messaging as a way to better stabilize the economy. There will be a $2.00 surcharge every week for the use of these tools. Additionally, every text message that surpasses 100 will be taxed 5 cents. 1.Do you think this is a good plan? Will this help our economy? Why or why not? 2.What would be the repercussions for such actions?

The Whiskey Rebellion: 1794 Farmers in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and NC converted grain into whiskey Whiskey Tax idea by Hamilton angered these farmers Penn farmers refused to pay it and started an uprising Washington finally stopped it by organizing a militia WHAT IS THE BIG DEAL b/c of it? Showed new gov’t had power to enforce laws (yay?) Showed farmers that Ham’s plan was like a that of a tyrant Many liked TJ’s state rights plan

POLITICAL AFFAIRS -Jay’s Treaty(p34) -trade treaty with Britain -highly unpopular b/c of the Amer. Revolution – most are still mad at British -Pinckney’s Treaty(p36) -trade treaty with Spain -access to the Mississippi R. -Treaty of Greenville (p32) -Battle of Fallen Timbers in Ohio Valley area -tribes lost 2/3 of Ohio area and use of Ohio River. -fought against Miami Native Americans – opened west

WASHINGTON’S WARNING -served two terms but refused another (set precedent) -political fighting had already begun (Federalists vs. Dem. Republicans) -Farewell Warnings -no political parties -no involvement in foreign affairs - beware of sectionalism (country dividing views/beliefs)

TOTD & AGENDA  How many of the first 10 presidents can you name off the top of your head? List them as your TOTD.  Timeline, Choice Projects, Info Check  Personalize my learning Mrs. Ashley!  1 side: Explanations of notes  1 side: Choice project assignment start time  Essential Questions

FEDERALIST ERA/ ADAMS RAP LYRICS: ex.cfm?wcprefix=lqr&wcsuffix=3001&area =view

PARTIES DEVELOP -Hamilton and Jefferson had opposing views of government -Federalists- led by Hamilton -supported strong Nat’l Gov’t -NE businessmen / merchants -supported tariffs -Democratic-Republicans- led by Jefferson and Madison -supported limited role of Gov’t -southerners -yeoman farmers= small farm owner -disliked tariffs

ADAMS IS ELECTED election Adams ( a federalist) elected President Jefferson (a Dem. Republican) elected V.P. -They were from different political parties -This problem fixed by 12 th Amendment: #1 man and #2 man Voting for Pres & VP will be from same Political party Hi! I’m Adams! I am a Federalist. I like a government with lots of POWER & long walks on the beach.

XYZ AFFAIR -Neutrality strained relations with France and Britain -French start attacking U.S. merchant ships -U.S sends ambassadors go to France to patch relations (fixers) -bribes were demanded by the French -US was outraged as story emerged -caused Americans to dislike French portal.com/academy/lesson/president- john-adams-from-alien-and-sedition-acts- to-xyz-affair.html

XYZ AFFAIR -Political Parties oppose each other -Federalists align with British (being against the French revolutionaries) -began building navy -Dem-Republicans align with French -nearly leads to war Convention of 1800 avoids war (adams wants) FR and US negotiate. Reopened trade. Fr. agreed to stop taking US ships & ppl. We are neutral. Meeting w/ France & US

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS -Federalists passed laws to limit criticism of gov’t by those sensitive to the French (Dem- Republicans) and restrict citizenship rights Alien & Sedition Act  -would have limited freedom of speech and allowed deportation of unpopular immigrants -most immigrants were Dem.Rep. -Violates bill of rights Under the threat of war with France, Congress in 1798 passed 4 laws in an effort to strengthen the Federal government called the Alien and Sedition Acts It was sponsored by the Federalists and it was intended to stop any political opposition from the Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson. Sedition Act: Anyone talking badly about govt could be jailed …. Freedom of speech?

ALIEN & SEDITION ACTS -Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions -issued to declare the Alien & Sedition Acts unconstitutional -Written by Jefferson and Madison (Dem.- Rep.) -passed in two states (never tried to enforce it) -presented idea of nullification – the power of a state to deny federal laws

ELECTION OF 1800 DIRTY ELECTION!!! -Jefferson and Aaron Burr tie for President -both are Democratic-Republicans -Vote goes to the House of Reps overview-vl&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtMwmepBjTSG593eG7ObzO7s -Tie is eventually broken in Jefferson’s favor by Alexander Hamilton Aaron Burr challenges Hamilton to a duel – kills Hamilton feuU0NB5lg -Future problems like this avoided with 12 th Amendment wr6z9Y

ELECTION OF st peaceful transfer of political power from one party to another in modern government -Federalists to Democratic- Republicans Laissez faire government: reduce influence of nat/fed govt in lives of people. -TJ: reduced taxes, reduced size of fed govt, cut army to around 3000 ppl. (going to win again in 1804)

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JUDICIAL REVIEW - Midnight Judges appointed by Adams – - Appoints a Federalist judge the night before he leaves office -Jefferson refused to recognized judges has Madison “forget to deliver paperwork” -Marbury v. Madison – court case determining the legality of Adam’s last minute appointment -John Marshall is Chief Justice of Supreme Court -sets up judicial review Judicial Review- Power of Supreme Court to determine constitutionality of the actions of Congress and the Pres. Marshall denies the appointment in order to use “judicial review”

TOTD: Look back at your notes on page 11, what does nullification mean? Agenda:  Finish page 12 notes  Work on Info Check/Choice assignments  1 st pd: We are together for a LONG time this am!

WESTERN EXPANSION -Louisiana Purchase (1803) - $15 million purchase from Napoleon – doubles size of America -Causes controversy over “loose interpretation” -Constitution does not state Pres. Can make such a purchase Lewis and Clark Expedition – explored Louisiana roups/lewis-and-clark

 Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon’s sale of 828,000 square miles of French territory for $27 million  The expedition: (1804–06) U.S. military expedition, led by Captain Meriwether Lewis and Lieutenant William Clark, to explore the Louisiana Purchase and the Pacific Northwest.  Sacajawea: Shoshone Indian who played a very important role in the success of the expedition  she could read the landscapes, knew what was safe to eat along the way as well as finding food.  She was also an interpreter proved invaluable when she negotiated with the Shoshone for horses..

 Native American leader of the Shawnee  A large tribal confederacy (known as Tecumseh's Confederacy)  He was against the US and became an ally of Britain (our enemy) in the War of 1812.

 Fought on November 7, 1811  Between United States forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison (future pres) of the Indiana Territory & Native American warriors lead by Tecumseh.  No one really won but it made Harrison a hero…helped him become popular and became President.

FOREIGN AFFAIRS -US neutrality between Britain and France??? Needed trade with both sides - U.S. avoids British blockade by re-shipping French West Indies goods to France as “American” goods -Angers Great B. -British began impressment of sailors – Stealing of sailors from American ships

FOREIGN AFFAIRS -Jefferson gets Embargo Act (1807) p34 passed to cut off trade with Britain. Hurts U.S. business more than Britain -War Hawks emerge – want to go to war w/ GB -Henry Clay, John Calhoun Possibility of gaining additional lands Revenge for British helping Indians

Imagine that you are James Monroe. Thomas Jefferson has sent you to Paris to purchase the port city of New Orleans from Napoleon for no more than $10 million. Write a letter to President Jefferson explaining that you went over budget, buying all 820,000 square miles of the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon for $15 million, or about three cents per acre. With this purchase, you have more than doubled the size of the American lands. Justify your actions in 4-5 sentences.