Reading Terms

Fact Can be proven. Example – There are 50 states in the U.S.A.

Slang or Jargon Popular speech Example – “That is really awesome.” or “What’s up?”

Suffix The word part at the end of the base word that changes meaning. Examples – create creation created

Opinion Based on feeling. Example – PA is the best state in the U.S.A.

Exaggeration Stretches the truth. Examples: The baby laughs all the time. You never say please.

Plot Events in the story. Usually told in sequence of when it occurs.

Central Problem Main problem of the story.

Resolution How the problem is solved.

Setting Time and place the story takes place. Example – Long, long ago in a far away place…

Theme Something the story teaches you. Example – Little Red Riding Hood teaches you not to talk to strangers.

Synonym Word that mean the same. Examples: large huge big

Antonym Words that mean the opposite. Examples: up and down in and out

Simile Saying one thing is like another. Example – He is like a bear!

Metaphor Comparing one thing to another without using “like” or “as”. Example – He is a bear!

Personification When the author gives objects human feelings or characteristics. Example – talking to a teddy bear or picture

Rhythm A pattern of sounds in a poem or sentence. Example – Roses are red, Violets are blue.

Alliteration The use of words that start with the same sound. Example – Ten terrible toddlers took two trains.

Hyperbole An exaggeration usually for comic effect. Example – He was luckier than a cat with nine lives.

Onomatopoeia The creation and use of words which include sounds that are similar to the noises that words refer to. Examples: pop buzz boom

Flashback When the author interrupts the story to tell you about something that happened earlier.

Foreshadowing When the author warns you something will happen in the future. Example – “The dreary day hinted at the dark events to come.”

Prefix The word part at the beginning of the base word that changes meaning. Examples: Prepay – to pay before Repay – to pay again

Summary Tells the most important points of the story – characters, plot, events, theme, setting. Example – usually the short story on the back of a book that tells about it.

Symbolism Using one thing to represent another. Example – In David and Goliath – the giant represents all that is bad.

Review of Reading Terms Fact Opinion Central Problem Theme Slang or Jargon Exaggeration Resolution Synonym Suffix Plot Setting Antonym Simile Rhythm Foreshadowing Symbolism Metaphor Alliteration Flashback Summary Personification Hyperbole Onomatopoeia Prefix

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