One Dimensional Motion

Distance How far something has moved

Distance Scalar quantity

Displacement How far something is from its starting position

Displacement A vector quantity

Time The interval between two occurrences

Uniform Motion Equal displacement occurs during successive equal time intervals

Uniform Motion Velocity is constant during uniform motion

Distance vs Time Graph

Slope Slope = rise/run Slope =  y/  x

Slope On a distance vs time graph: Slope =  d/  t

Slope Slope =  d/  t Slope = velocity

Average Velocity v =  d/  t v = d 1 – d 0 t 1 – t 0

Displacement d 1 = d 0 + vt 1 d = d 0 + vt

Distance vs Time Graph

Acceleration a =  v/  t a = v 1 - v 0  t 1 - t 0

Velocity v = v 0 + at v f = v i + at

Displacement d = d 0 + v 0 t + ½ at 2

Displacement d f = d i + v i t + ½ at 2

v 2 = v a(d 1 – d 0 ) v 2 = v ad

v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

v = v 0 + at d = d 0 + v 0 t + ½ at 2 v 2 = v ad

v = v 0 + at v f = v i + at

d = d 0 + v 0 t + ½ at 2 d f = d i + v i t + ½ at 2

d f = d i + v i t + ½ at 2 d = v i t + ½ at 2

v 2 = v ad v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

v f = v i + at d = v i t + ½ at 2 v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

Drill A ball is dropped from 490 m. Calculate its: v f & t air

A car starts m west of town, and moves at 15 m/s east. 1) write its best equation 2) where will the car be at 10.0 s 3) When will the car be in town

Determining Instantaneous Velocity 1)Graph the  d/  t data 2)Draw tangent to point of interest 3)Determine slope of tangent

Velocity vs Time Graphs

a = slope d = xy or vt d = area

a = slope =  y/  x =  v/  t = 62/5 = 12.4 m/s 2

d = area under curve

Define each of the following DistanceDisplacement SpeedVelocity Acceleration

Describe the motion for each series

Drill: The velocity of a car is increased from 25 to 75 m/s west in 10.0 s. Calculate: a & d

v f = v i + at d = v i t + ½ at 2 v f 2 = v i 2 + 2ad

Describe the motion between each interval

Describe the motion of each series

Draw a position time graph for a person who walks uniformly from the positive side of the origin back thru the origin to the negative side. Repeat for the negative side.

Make the following conversions: a) 10 m/s to km/hr b) 72 mph to m/s 1.6 km/mile

Draw a position time graph of a person who walks one block briskly, waits at a traffic light, walks the next block slowly, waits at another light, then runs the last block.

A truck starts m east of town, and moves at 12 m/s west Find the time & place where the car from the last problem & the truck will be at the same place

A car increases its velocity from 4.0 m/s to 36 m/s over 4.0 s. Calculate: a & d

The same car slows from 36 m/s to 15 m/s in 3.0 s. 1) Calculate the average acceleration & dis

A car accelerates from 15 m/s to 25 m/s in 125 m. 1) Calculate its time & acceleration

Drill:A car is coasting backwards at 3.0 m/s when its engine starts. After 2.5 s the car is going 4.5 m/s. Calculate a & d

Motion Variables: v i v f a t d

Make a chart like the one to the right vivfatdvivfatd

A car going 4.0 m/s accelerates at 3.0 m/s 2 for 4.0 s. 1) Calculate: v f & d

A car slows from 44 m/s to 22 m/s in 11 s. Calculate: a & d

Motion Affected by Gravity

Gravity A force of attraction between two masses

Gravity This force causes objects to accelerate towards each other

Gravity The acceleration of gravity is relatively constant over the Earth’s surface

Acceleration of Gravity (a g or g) 9.81 m/s 2 Down or (-)

Gravity Any object in air will have a vertical acceleration of m/s 2

A ball is dropped from a 0.49 km cliff. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate: v max & t

HW: A ball is thrown straight up at 19.6 m/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate: h max & t air

Drill: A ball is dropped from a ledge & lands 8.0 s later. Calculate: h ledge & v max

Homework Problems: 27 – 30 Page 103

Drill A ball drops from 0.49 km. Calculate: t air & v max

A man on the ground shoots a gun straight up & the bullet exits the barrel at 980 m/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate its t air, v f, & h max

A ball was dropped & landed at 70.0 m/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. 1) Calculate: d & t air

A pumpkin was dropped from a plane & stayed in air for 10.0 s. The acceleration of gravity is m/s 2. Calculate: h & v max.

Homework Problems: Page 106

A cannon on a 2500 m cliff is fired straight up & the ball exits the barrel at 0.98 km/s. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate its t air, v f, & h max

A ball is shot straight up to a height of 1.96 km. The acceleration of gravity is -9.8 m/s 2. Calculate: t air & v i

Drill: A car increases its velocity from 36 km/hr to 72 km/hr in 5.0 s. Calculate: a & d

A car rolling backwards at 5.0 m/s accelerates at 3.0 m/s 2 for 4.0 s. Calculate: v final & d

A car rolling backwards at 25.0 m/s accelerates at 5.0 m/s 2 for 12.0 s. Calculate: v f & d

Homework Problems: Page 112 & 113

Drill: A ball is thrown straight up at 9800 cm/s. Calculate: t air & h max

A ball is thrown straight down at 25 m/s & stays in air for 4.0 s. g = -9.8 m/s 2 Calculate: initial height & v f of the ball.

A ball is thrown straight up to a height of 49 m. g = -9.8 m/s 2 Calculate: v i & t air

Homework Problems: Page 114

Drill: A ball is thrown straight sideways & lands in 5.0 s. Calculate: initial height & v max down

A car rolling backwards at 5.0 m/s accelerates to 11 m/s forward in 4.0 s. Calculate: a & d during that time.

A car going 36 km/hr slams on brakes, but still hits a tree at 6.0 km/hr after 1.0 s. Calculate: a & d during that time.

Drill: A ball is thrown straight up and hits the ground in 6.0 sec. Calculate: h max & v i

Test Date Wednesday 10/25/06

Classwork Work Problem Section B on pages 56 & 57 in the gray Physics Book.

Drill: A car goes from 36 km/hr to 54 km/hr in 5.0 s. Calculate: a & d during that time.

Matching Stuff Formulas Definitions Units

Definitions MotionPosition VelocitySpeed DistanceDisplacement TimeAcceleration

Units Displacement Time Velocity Acceleration

A ball is thrown straight up at 49 m/s. Calculate: t air & h max

A car rolling backwards at 6.0 km/hr accelerates to 30.0 km/hr forward in 6.0 s. Calculate: a & d during that time.

A ball is thrown straight up to a height of 490 m. Calculate: t air & v i