A WEE BIT About CELLS…. Some stuff you NEED to know…
The Cell Theory All living things are MADE up of cells!
Continued… Cells are the basic units of structure and function of all living things!
Lastly… Cells come from pre-existing cells! Remember Redi? Maggots Munching Meat
Cells are either: PROKARYOTIC No Organelles No Nucleus Bacteria… EUKARYOTIC Have Organelles Have a Nucleus Plants, Animals, Fungi & Protists
Cells come in different Shapes “Square” “Rectangular” “Circular” “Odd…”
Cells come in different Sizes Smallest is bacteria Largest is nerve cell in giraffe’s neck
Plant Cell Organelles you NEED to KNOW! Cell Wall Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane) Chloroplasts Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosomes Mitochondria Vacuoles
Animal Cell Organelles you NEED to KNOW Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosome Mitochondria Lysosome Vacuoles Centrioles
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Nucleus Control Center of Cell The “Brain” of the cell Houses Chromosomes (genetic code) which instruct all cell activities Instructions for STRANGER-C Surrounded by Nuclear Membrane Contains Nucleolus Which produces rRNA / Ribosomes
Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane) Surrounds Cytoplasm Found in EVERY cell! Controls what enters and leaves cell Has NO control over water, gases, glucose Made of a lipid bi-layer with proteins floating in it and carbohydrate chains stuck on the outside of it
Cytoplasm Jelly-like “goo” inside the cell membrane Found in EVERY cell! Cushions and protects other organelles Always moving (streaming) in order to move materials around the cell
Ribosome Organelle responsible for protein synthesis Reads genetic code (RNA) to produce the type of protein needed at that moment
Mitochondria “Powerhouse” of the cell Organelle responsible for cell respiration (energy production) Changes glucose into ATP Mighty Mitochondria makes energy, Mighty Mitochondria makes ATP
Vacuole Storage area Plant cells have one or two large vacuoles to store water Animal cells have many small vacuoles to store food, waste, water…
Chloroplast Organelle responsible for photosynthesis Found in plants in green algae Contain the pigment Chlorophyll Capture sunlight (solar energy) and store it in the bonds of glucose
Cell Wall Non-living, protective barrier surrounding plant cells Made of Cellulose (a sugar) Gives support and structure to plants
Lysosome Organelle filled with digestive chemicals (enzymes) Destroys unwanted material “Lys” = “Destroy” Found only in Animal cells
Centriole Organelle which helps with cell division (cell reproduction) The “Spider-man” of the cell Found only in Animal cells
As for the others… Ribosomes make ‘em ER takes ‘em ER=Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi packs and stacks What is this referring to?????
A video to help you remember… Cell Structure Video