S2 - Intelligence S3 – Operations S1 - Personnel S4 - Logistics S5 – Civil Military Commander UNIT ROLL CALL

S-2 Union Leaders - Gen. Irving McDowell -Patterson Confederate leaders - Beauregard -Johnston The most dangerous course of action for the Union was to launch a frontal assault up Mathews Hill. The most likely course of action was a flanking maneuver around Evans’ army mixed with a frontal assault. The confederate’s most dangerous course of action was to advance towards the oncoming Union forces in a counter-attack. The confederates most likely course of action was to defend Matthew's hill then retreat to Henry House hill if needed. WeatherTerrain Enemy LocationEnemy Information The union was in the north coming from Washington The confederates were at Manassas The confederate spy network allowed the rebels to move troops from the Shenandoah valley to Manassas The use of Railway by the confederates was a big advantage The Stone Bridge Series of rivers and creeks Sunken roads The Union had a victory on Mathews’ hill, in the mean time Confederates brought reinforcements on Henry Hill; resulted in victory. The Weather was sunny, in the 90’s, and high humidity The only way it affected the troops was some cases of dehydration

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-Each Commander had planned to flank each other -The Union commanders attacked head on but the confederates didn’t feel they were meeting much of a challenge -When Beauregard was told the federal troops were flanking he thought it was the main attack and shifted his troops to counter it. -Confederate brigades moved to counter the flank but they eventually had to retreat across the stone bridge because they were greatly outnumbered and were in danger of another flank attack. S-3 OPERATIONS Initial Array of ForcesMajor Movements/Counter Movements Effects of Maneuver -Union army was positioned on the northern side of the sunken road/bridge, and the Confederate forces were located on the southern side of the sunken road/bridge. -Cannon, smooth bore muskets, early versions of the Henry repeating rifle. -Leaders-Brig. General Irvin McDowell[US]; Brig. General Joseph E. Johnston and Brig Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard [CS]; Robert Patterson. -The confederate soldiers won the Battle of Bull run which gave them a major morale boost and made the union doubt whether or not to fight the war. -The Confederates won mainly because they were fighting on their own land and had knowledge of the landscape. -The purpose was to fight for slavery and for the confederates to defend their region/area.

Map of the Battlefield

Citations  Map  Info

Union killed: 460 soldiers/ wounded:1124 Confederates Killed: 387 soldiers/wounded:1582 No reinforcements brought to the battlefield on both sides. Misc North- Gen. Irvin McDowell-28,450 troops South- Brig. Gen. Johnston and P.G.T Beauregard-32,230 troops North- low South- High S-1 The level of care was really bad during the 1 st battle of bull run. Most of the wounded suffered painful deaths. The ambulance system was not good until later into the war. Most of the wounded were left there to die or they might have had the strength to walk to the medical camps. Sites used: 1. civilwar.bluegrass.net 2. answer.com 3. Personnel Strength Replacement Capability Medical Status

S-4 Equipment Status Supply Lines Resupply Miscellaneous 28,000 Union soldiers 33,000 Confederate solders Stonewall Jackson showed 9,000 men to the battle which had a big impact on the victory of the battle. Tents, camp equipment, extra clothing, wagons, forage, and animals. Quartermaster was head of these supply lines. Regimental Ordinance Officer was in control of the ammunition. Horses were the main transportation of supplies. Union soldier had 2 caps, 1 hat, 2 dress coats, 3 sets of trousers, 3 flannel shirts, 3 flannel drawers, 4 pair of stockings, 4 pairs of shoes, and a Musket with bayonet. Confederates wore whatever came to hand. Confederates used muzzle-loading single shout shot muskets. Artillery ranged from 6 – 12 pounds. Revolvers, muskets, and swords were used by both sides. Houses behind the lines served as supply depots. Union had 200 head of beef cattle for fresh meat. Union also had wagons of rations, ammunition, medical supplies and engineer tools.

Works Cited

PopulationLocal Govt Effects The Union lost moral within its population with the realization that the war would drag on. The South had gained moral and support because they believed they could outlast the war. Recommendations The local population had its allegiance to the part of the country that they lived in. Support was (mostly) for the Confederates. S-5 The local government was Confederate and did not change because of the CSA victory. The union had power in areas it’s army was in.

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