SNV 2006 1 Johan Mellqvist, Elisabeth Undén and Anders Strandberg Radio and Space Science Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg.

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Presentation transcript:

SNV Johan Mellqvist, Elisabeth Undén and Anders Strandberg Radio and Space Science Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg Sweden Solar FTIR measurements at Solar FTIR measurements at Harestua, Norway since 1994 Harestua, Norway since 1994

SNV ORS group, Radio and Space, Chalmers University of Technology High resolution FTIR Harestua Long path FTIR+tracer gas –Methane emissions from waste deposits –Emission factors from trafic (Mexico Milano) Mobile solar FTIR –CO/H2CO-Megacities (Mexico City, Milano) –Industrial emissions VOCs (alkenes, alkanes) –Volcanic emissions (HCl, HF, SO2) UV/visible –Ship emissions (SO2, NO2) –Volcanic emissions (15 volcanoes-NOVAQ) –Industrila emissions (NO2, SO2)

SNV Harestua, Norway (68 N, 11E) Complimentary NDSC site since 1994

SNV Measurements since 1994 within NDSC –1 meas/week –Yearly report to NDSC database –Quality assurance and control Stratospheric studies (Cl x, F x, N, O 3 ) –Seasonal (polar ozone depletion, chlorine activation, model comparison) –Long term studies (model, trend) –Financed by Swedish EPA EU-Geomon (previously Sesame,Theseo) Troposheric studies (CO, C2H6, O3, CH4, N2O) –Model comapriosn, trend –Finananced by EU-HYMN (prev EU-UFTIR) Satellite validation –Schimachy, MIPAS, ACE-FTS, Haloe) –Financed through EU-HYMN. (previous Swedish spaceboard and EU-COSE)

SNV FTIR (Bruker) cm-1 resolution New Solar tracker

SNV Halogenes

7 O3 and HCl O3 HCl

SNV CO column data all UFTIR stations CO

SNV CTM2 Model and FTIR comparison

SNV C2H6 FTIR and Model comparison Model underestimates C2H6 observed columns by about 40-50% in winter/spring ; by about % in fall; esp. at high latitudes as Harestua Changing the C2H6 emissions in the model seems to correct this problem, similar all stations, original emissions to low

SNV Tropospheric O3 and model comparison

SNV Tropospheric HCFC22 HCFC22 increasing fast

SNV Tropospheric N2O

SNV The Solar Occultation Flux method (SOF) (alkenes & alkanes) FTIR Sun tracker

SNV Solar Occultation Flux (SOF) measurements around the Houston Ship Channel and other source areas, SOF Box

SNV Ethylene mass measured downwind of HSC by mobile solar FTIR (SOF) on Aug

SNV Improvement of the Swedish landfill methane budget Development of a measurement tool for regulatory control of landfill emissions (CH 4 ) Model validation Verification of improvement measures taken at the different landfill sites FTIR measurements of methane emissions from Swedish landfills

SNV Analysis of landfill plume CH 4 by FTIR spectroscopy The amount of CH 4 oxidation by methanotrophic bacteria in the cover soil is determined by observing the isotopic ratio of 13 CH 4 / 12 CH 4 in the landfill gas both in the anaerobic zone and in the plume. Q X = Emission rate of methane respectively tracer gas, (kgh -1 ) C X = Concentration of CH 4 resp. tracer gas, expressed as mixing ratio (ppb) M X = Molecular weight

SNV Wind direction Measurement distance 1-3 km from landfill Source of tracer gas (N 2 O)

SNV Car emission factor Ratios of various species towards CO2 in morning rush hour plume in Milano (FORMAT) Measurements by Long path FTIR (Same meas. have been done in Mexico city)

SNV Emission factors g / g fuel CO0.048 CO H 2 CO NO Alkanes Alkenes BTEX Total HC Emission factors for fresh emissions (morning) at Bresso (for HC based on speciation by JRC which gave that FTIR overestimated alkane mass by 14%. Ratios for alkenes, BTEX and total HC based on assumption that JRC speciation valid for fresh emissions and constant over the time period)