NOAA ESRL GMD Carbon Cycle GHG Measurement Program Ed Dlugokencky.

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Presentation transcript:

NOAA ESRL GMD Carbon Cycle GHG Measurement Program Ed Dlugokencky

Projects Tall towers - N American focus Aircraft Vertical Profiles - N American focus Observatory - Global background focus Cooperative global air sampling network – Constrain large scale GHG budgets – Weekly discrete air samples – Analyzed in Boulder CO 2 (+iso), CH 4 (+iso), N 2 O, SF 6, CO, H 2 Suite of ODSs (PFPs (i.e., tower and VP) only) Suite of NMHC (CU INSTAAR)

Analytical SpeciesCurrent ΧTechniqueRepeatability CO ppmNDIR0.03 ppm CH ppbGC/FID1.0 ppb N 2 O, SF ppb 8.8 ppt GC/ECD 0.3 ppb, 0.03 ppt CO100 ppbVUV-RF0.7 ppb H2H2 500 ppbGC/PD-HeID0.3 ppb *δ 13 CO ‰IRMS0.01‰ *δ 13 CH ‰GC/IRMS0.04‰ Quantity: “amount of substance ratio” Unit: dry-air mole fraction *University of Colorado, INSTAAR; isotope ratios in “per mille”

Analysis of flask-air filled from a calibrated cylinder ±0.1 ppm ± 0.12 ppm (entire record) ± 0.06 ppm (since 2000) Quality Control

Co-located comparison at Mauna Loa How well do we propagate our standard scale? Flask minus Continuous 0.04 ± 0.27 ppm (entire record) 0.07 ± 0.13 ppm (since 2000)

Comparison with other labs at NOAA site: Mauna Loa

Quality Control Comparison of NOAA and EC data at ALT

Complementary comparisons Detecting problems using other species Courtesy: Steve Montzka H-1211 HFC-134a Data courtesy of A. Andrews (NOAA) Flask minus Continuous

Barrow, Alaska

[CH 4 ](t) = [CH 4 ] ss -([CH 4 ] ss -[CH 4 ] 0 )e -t/τ Lifetime ≈ 9.4 yr

Average Emissions = 550 ± 13 Tg CH 4 Trend = 0 ± 0.6 Tg CH 4 yr -1 Lifetime (  ) = 9.1 yr Emissions = d[CH 4 ]/dt + [CH 4 ]/ 

Pinatubo and Chemistry (Largest term in CH 4 budget) OH + CH 4 → CH 3 + H 2 O O 3 + hν (330 ≥ λ ≥ 290 nm) → O( 1 D) + O 2 O( 1 D) + H 2 O → 2 OH Rate of formation O( 1 D) = j [O 3 ] j = ∫F(λ) σ(λ) φ(λ) dλ Also affected CO

AI 4 obscures mid-day sun Eruption of Mt. Pinatubo: 15 June, 1991

O 3 + hν (330 ≥ λ ≥ 290 nm) → O( 1 D) + O 2 O( 1 D) + H 2 O → 2 OH Rate of formation O( 1 D) = j [O 3 ]

Globally averaged CH 4 and δ 13 C(CH 4 ) Sylvia Michel, INSTAAR

SOI: Australian BoM Precipitation anomalies in tropical wetlands. (Source: GPCP) Increased Amazon CH 4 fluxes in wet years. Consistent with decrease in δ 13 C of CH 4

Late-1990s - mid-1980s Interpolar difference (53-90°) No measureable change in Arctic CH 4 emissions.

Summary NOAA’s Global Cooperative Air Sampling Network is invaluable for understanding large scale features of global budgets of LLGHGs No trend in total global emissions Change in budget since 2007 Much to learn studying IAV

AF ~ 45% (trend ≡ -0.16) Suggests increasing sink CO 2 - Constraining its budget