Animal Kingdom Invertebrate Phylum

Porifera

The sponge Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics: Choanocytes Amoeboid cells Spicules/spongin Mostly Asexual reproduction sessile

Cnidarians

anthozoa, hydrozoa, scyphozoan Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics Mesoglea Cnidocytes, nematocysts Gastrovascular system 2 body forms: polyp and medusa

Nemertea and Platyhelminthes

Ribbon worms and flatworms Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics Proboscis apparatus Free living or parasitic flatworms Cephalization Gas exchange through diffusion

Nematoda and Rotifera

Roundworms and rotifers Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics parasitic roundworms – Ascaris, Trichinella, filarial worms – dogs (heartworm) humans (elephantiasis) Crown of cilia – corona, locomotion

Protostomes Deuterostomes Mulluscs, annelids, arthropods Spiral and determinate cleavage Blastopore is mouth Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm Echinoderms and chordates Radial and indeterminate Blastopore is anus Coelom forms by outpocketing of primitive gut

Benefits of coelom Freer body movements – outer wall independent of gut Ample space allows for growth of organs Fluid protects organs from damage Storage for reproductive, digestive wastes prior to being expelled Hydrostatic skeleton – muscle contraction against fluid in cavity

Mollusca

mulluscs Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics 3 part body plan (mantle, foot, visceral mass) Open circulatory system in most 3 main classes Bivalves Gastropoda cephalopoda

Annelids

Segmented worms Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics Marine worms, earth worms and leeches Setae – bristles that anchor the worm hermaphroditic

Arthropods

Jointed appendages Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics Exoskeleton of chitin, molt Segmentation is modified for specialization Well developed nervous system Variety of respiratory organs metamorphosis

Further classification of arthropods 3 subphyla of arthropoda Crustacea – crayfish, shrimp and craps Most aquatic, hard exoskeleton, compound eyes and 5 pair of appendages. Uniramia – centipedes, millipedes and insects Most live on land and breathe through trachea, thorax and abdomen have only 1 pair of appendages Chelicerata – horseshoe crabs, spiders ticks and mites Live in all environments, first pair of appendages are pinchers (chelicerae), 2nd pair pedipalps (feeding) Fused head and thorax, cephalothorax

Echinoderms

Spiny skin Symmetry? Germ layers? Body cavity? Level of organization? Cool characteristics Primarily bottom dwellers Larvae are free swimming filter feeders with bilateral symmetry Endoskeleton made of spiny calcium rich plates called ossicles Water vascular system - locomotion