AIM: HOW DOES THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT HELP TO WARM THE EARTH? DO NOW: Have ESRT out 1.Is energy gained or released during melting? 2.How much energy is released during solidification? 3.What happens to the temperature during a phase change? 4.Define Convection. 5.Define Conduction.

What is specific heat? The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of an object 1 degree Celsius.

Sample Questions: ◦ 1. Which has a higher specific heat? Granite or Lead? ◦ Granite ◦ 2. What is the specific heat of solid water? ◦ 2.11J/g

What happens to EME when it reaches Earth’s Atmosphere? Earth’s atmosphere either absorbs, reflects or scatters insolation. Recall: anytime EME is absorbed, reflected or scattered it looses energy. Resulting in a slower wavelength.

The Greenhouse Effect

What is the Greenhouse Effect? – The Greenhouse Effect is the retention of heat by the atmosphere. – It results in the natural heating of Earth’s surface. – It acts like a blanket for Earth.

Is the Greenhouse effect bad for the Earth? No! No! It keeps us warm. It keeps us warm. If we didn’t have it our planet would be cold like Mars. If we didn’t have it our planet would be cold like Mars.

What are examples of Greenhouse gases? - Water Vapor – H 2 O (gas) Most Important - Water Vapor – H 2 O (gas) Most Important - Carbon Dioxide – CO 2 - Carbon Dioxide – CO 2 - Methane – CH 4 - Methane – CH 4 - Nitrous Oxide – N 2 O - Nitrous Oxide – N 2 O

What is Global Warming? Global warming is an increase in the average temperature of Earth's surface.average temperature

What is the Ozone (O 3 ) Layer?  The ozone layer is a layer of gas that absorbs harmful ultra- violet rays.  AKA: UV Rays  It is good for us!

WHERE IS THE OZONE LAYER? THE OZONE LAYER IS LOCATED IN THE STRATOSPHERE. THE JET STREAM IS ALSO LOCATED HERE.

HAVE HUMANS AFFECTED THE OZONE LAYER? YES. CERTAIN CHEMICALS CAUSE OZONE DEPLETION. THESE CHEMICALS EAT AWAY AT THE OZONE LAYER. CAUSED BY THE PRODUCTION OF CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS (CFC’S) EX: REFRIGERANTS, AIR CONDITIONERS.

What can we do about it?  Reduce your carbon footprint!  How?  Drive Less – Walk more  Conserve energy – Turn off the lights!  Recycle – Everything that you can!!  Ozone Layer clip Ozone Layer clip Ozone Layer clip

ANSWER THESE: 1. What is the specific heat of Basalt? 0.84J/g 2. What happens to EME when it reaches Earth’s Atmosphere? It gets absorbed, reflected, or scattered. 3. What happens after EME gets absorbed, reflected, or scattered? A slower wavelength. 4. The greenhouse effect results in: The natural heating of Earth’s surface. 5. Give one example of a greenhouse gas. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide. 6. What is global warming? An increase in the average temperature of Earth’s surface. 7. What is the purpose of the Ozone Layer? It absorbs harmful UV rays.

Regents Questions: 1. Which two gases have been added to Earth’s atmosphere in large amounts and are believed to have increased global warming by absorbing infrared radiation? A) Neon and Argon B) Chlorine and Nitrogen C) Hydrogen and Helium D) Methane and Carbon Dioxide

2. The ozone layer helps life on Earth because ozone  a) modified the normal El Nino weather pattern.  b) reflects insolation from the Sun.  c) absorbs damaging ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.  d) deflects winds from a straight line to a curved path.