Animal and Plant Cells

Animal vs. Plant Cell AnimalPlant

Cell Structures Parts or small organs of the cell Organelles Each have a specialized function

Plasma Membrane Surrounds the cell system that allows nutrients to enter the cell and waste products to leave

Nucleus A large, membrane-bound structure containing the cell's hereditary material controls its metabolism, growth, and reproduction.

Nucleolus Inside nucleus Protein Makes RNA

Cytoplasm Protoplasm between the cell membrane and nucleus

Ribosomes Round Made of proteins and RNA Assemble amino acids to make proteins Free floating in cytoplasm On ER

ER Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes within the cytoplasm of cells involved in the synthesis, modification, and transport of cellular materials.

Rough ER Contain ribosomes Modifies and makes proteins

Smooth ER No ribosomes synthesis of lipids Metabolizes carbohydrates Detoxification of drugs and poisons

Mitochondria Converts food molecules to energy, ATP

Golgi Apparatus Packaging structure Packages and stores molecules Secretes them for later use

Lysosome Digestive sacs Destroy old worn out organelles Gets rid of bacteria

Cilia Tiny hairs Helps the cell move

Flagella Tail Whips to move cell

Plant Cell Structures Plant cells are slightly different from animals cell because they can photosynthesize

Cell Wall The rigid outermost cell layer found in plants and certain algae, bacteria, and fungi Composed of cellulose Give plant stems and wood their stiffness

Chlorophyll Green pigments

Vacuole A small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell bound by a single membrane contains water, food, or metabolic waste.

Chloroplast A chlorophyll-containing plastid found in algal and green plant cells Give plants “Green” color Site of photosynthesis