1 Cutting it down to size activity

What is Nanoscience? The study of matter on the “nanometer” scale. A nanometer is one billionth (10 –9 ) of a meter. Nanoparticles are usually between 1 and 100 nanometers in size: 1 – 100 nm. 2

cmmm mm nm (m) Hair 100  m Penny 2 cm Raindrop 1 mm Red Blood Cell 5  m 3

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5 Calculating the number of molecules along the edge of a sugar cube activity

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7 Measuring the diameter of a human hair activity

Material Measurement Laboratory Soft Body Armor Toward the Nano-Effect Gale A. Holmes National Institute of Standards & Technology Materials Measurement Laboratory 8

Material Measurement Laboratory 9 Soft Body Armor: Primary Functions Stop Projectile Motion – Trampoline Effect Minimize Energy Dissipation of Impacting Projectile –Back Face Signature

Material Measurement Laboratory 10 Effects of the Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) on the body armor application Wedge through phenomenon Tensile machine Kolsky bar Silica particles, Vol.% in PEG

Material Measurement Laboratory 11 SEM Micrographs of Woven Fabrics with Shear Thickening Fluid (STF)

Material Measurement Laboratory 12 Effects of the Shear Thickening Fluid (STF) on Back Face Deformation

13 1)Coffee cup AFM 2)Magnetic force microscope

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) How an atomic force microscope “see” atoms 14

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) Nano-corral of 48 iron atoms on copper surface positioned one at a time with an STM tip Corral diameter 14 nm An STM image of nanoparticles. 15