Notes: Unit 1--Carbohydrates

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Presentation transcript:

Notes: Unit 1--Carbohydrates Name Date Hour Notes: Unit 1--Carbohydrates

(1) What is a carbohydrate? Type of Biomolecule Means: “hydrated carbon” Has the same ratio of H and O as in Water

(2) Elements Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O)

(3) Monomer Monomer: Basic unit or Smallest unit of a polymer (larger molecule). Carbohydrate Monomer: Monosaccharide = Single Sugar

(4) Polymer Polymer: A larger structure (molecule) made of many smaller units (monomers). Carbohydrate Polymer: Polysaccharide = Many sugars

(5) Types of Carbohydrates Monosaccharide = 1 Sugar Simple Sugar or Carb Examples: Glucose, Fructose Disaccharide = 2 Sugars Examples: Sucrose, Maltose Polysaccharide = Many Sugars Complex Sugar or Carb Examples: Starch, Cellulose

(6) Function Major: Minor: Immediate energy Intermediate energy Structure

(7) Examples Table Sugar Bread Pastries Plants (cell walls / outer covering) Potatoes Whole Grains

(8) Simple vs. Complex Carbs RECALL: Energy is stored in bonds More Bonds = More Energy Simple Carb: Small molecule, Few molecules Few bonds  Little Energy Few bonds  Break Fast Complex Carb: Large molecule, Many parts Many bonds  Lots of Energy Many bonds  Break Slowly