Chapter 9

Cellular Respiration  The process that releases energy (ATP) by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Mitochondria  Found? Plant & Animal Cells  Where respiration takes place Just aerobic parts

Aerobic Vs. Anaerobic Respiration  Aerobic = presence of O 2 Respiration  Anaerobic = absence of O 2 Fermentation

Pathway of Cellular Respiration  Glycolysis (Cytoplasm)  Krebs Cycle (Mito.)  Electron Transport Chain (Mito.)

Glycolysis  “Glukus” = sweet  “Lysis” = loosening  Occurs in Cytoplasm  Breaking one glucose down into 2 pyruvic acids(3 Carbon) & 2 ATP (net)

After Glycolysis  Anaerobic = Fermentation  Aerobic = Cellular Respiration

Fermentation  Fermentation will make energy without O 2  Two types Alcoholic Lactic acid

Alcoholic  Yeast & other microorganisms  CO 2 causes bread to rise

Lactic Acid  Animal muscles  Happens during vigorous exercise  Builds up in muscles causing cramps

Krebs Cycle  Follows glycolysis  Needs oxygen Respiration  Occurs in mitochondria  Breaks down products of glycolysis into carbon dioxide Releasing energy to make electron carriers and ATP

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain  Inner membrane of mitochondria  Electrons move to produce energy

ETC:  Makes ATP – 2-3 per electron carrier  Oxygen is used as the final electron acceptor (H+)  Forms water

Mitochondrial membrane NADH NADH enters and releases an H+ and an electron.

Mitochondrial membrane NADH enters and releases an H+ and an electron. e- NAD+

Mitochondrial membrane The electron travels to the next protein while simultaneously sending H+ across the membrane e- H+ O

Mitochondrial membrane The electron is used to form water. The H+ then are pumped back into the mitochondria. H+ H2O ADP P

Mitochondrial membrane This allows ATP to be made each time a H+ enters back in. H+ ATP

Totals  Glycolysis Net 2 ATP  Krebs 2 ATP  ETC Electron carriers = 32 ATP **Total = 36 ATP

Photosynthesis Vs Cellular Respiration