Skeletal System

Root Words

Types of Bone  Long Bone  Short Bone  Flat Bone  Irregular Bone  Sesamoid Bone

Long Bone  Has long axes and expands at ends.  Example : Humerus, Femur

Short Bone  Cube-like bones with length and width roughly equal  Example: Wrist and Ankle

Flat Bone  Plate-like structures with broad surfaces  Example: ribs, scapulae, some skull bones

Irregular Bones  Variety of shapes and connected to several other bones  Example: Vertebrae and facial bones

Sesamoid Bone  Small and nodular and embedded within tendons  Example: Kneecap (Patella)

Articular Cartilage  Layer of cartilage that coats the Epiphysis that allows for cushion

Epiphysis  Expanded portion at the end of a bone that articulates

Diaphysis  Shaft of the bone, located between Epiphyses

Compact Bone  Tightly packed tissue that lines the wall of Diaphysis  Provides strength and structure

Spongy Bone  Composed of numerous branching plates, with spaces in between  Reduces weight and provides flexibility  Located mainly in Epiphysis

Medullary Cavity  Space within the Diaphysis that holds the marrow and blood

Marrow  Soft Connective tissue found in Medullary Cavity that produces Red blood cells

Ossification  The formation of Bone tissue

Endochondral Bones  Bones that develop during fetal stage

What begins to develop in the later stages of Bone growth? In a few sentences in your notes