Ironing Techniques and Fabric Construction Clothing and Textiles 1

Parts of the Iron Thermostat

Parts of the Iron Thermostat Steam Release

Parts of the Iron Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer

Parts of the Iron Handle Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer

Parts of the Iron Handle Power Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer

Parts of the Iron Power Handle Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer Water Tank

Parts of the Iron Power Handle Thermostat Steam Release Sprayer Water Tank Sole Plate

Safety and Care Don’t touch the sole plate when iron in on. Leave iron up right when not using. Always unplug iron and drape cords across ironing board when finished. Distilled water for water tank- helps keep sprayer and steamer unclogged. Clean the sole plate with a wet towel or steel wool.

Pressing equipment Ironing board Press cloth Tailors ham Sleeve board

Techniques Press as you go. Press seam allowances open, unless indicated other wise. Ironing: sliding motion over the fabric Pressing: applying pressure to the garment, with no movement. Up and down movement.

Fusible material Fusible interfacing: woven, non-woven Fusible fleece Use: “bumpy” side of interfacing is the attachable side- this needs to be toward the fabric. Apply heat, moisture, and pressure for about 10-12 seconds Lift iron, then set on a new section of garment, and repeat.

Fabric and Temperature Natural: Wool Silk Cotton/linen Synthetic: Polyester Nylon Specialty: Pile Fabric Sheer

Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns at right angles to each other.  The two types of yarns that woven fabrics are comprised of are warp yarns and filling yearn.  A warp yarn is is the length-wise yarn, and the filling yarn in the yarn that runs width wise.  (see picture) Filling Warp

Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics selvage- the lengthwise edge of the fabric, usually between ¼ and ½ inch.  Warp yarns are always parallel to the selvage grain- The grain of the fabric is indicated by the direction parallel to either the warp or the filling yarn. This term is used if a fabric has been cut parallel to the warp or filling yarns. cut edge- has been cut with scissors, or rotary blade, but is still subject to fraying (if woven) raw edge-non-finished edge, subject to fraying (if woven)

Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics lengthwise grain- When fabric is cut parallel to the warp yarn crosswise grain- When fabric is cut parallel to the filling yarn *fabric cut off grain will create a product that is skewed or twisted. (picture found on sewaquilt.com)

Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics bias- a direction in the fabric that is not parallel to either types of yarn.  Woven fabrics drape best when cut on the bias. (picture found at how-to-quilt.com)

Fabric Construction: Woven Characteristics can often stretch frays easily has warp and filling yarns Examples: Taffeta, Satin, Brocade, Canvas, Corduroy, Denim, Tweed

Fabric Construction: Knit Characteristics described as the inter-looping of yarns (loops are formed and other loops are drawn through them) Examples: jersey, Tulle

Fabric Construction: non-woven/felted Characteristics bonding or interlocking of fibers through mechanical, chemical or thermal means.   more materials available with the increase in technology generally made of polyester or rayon Examples: wipes, vacuum bags, dryer sheets, tea bag, diapers, window shade, felt

Fabric Selection Pants: Blouse: Dress: Bag: Fashion suiting Denim Corduroy Blouse: Silk Calico (cotton) Shirting twill Dress: Taffeta (prom dress) Satin Bag: Upholstery Duck cloth See back of pattern envelop for manufactures suggestions.

References Halgren, P. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2011, from how-to- quilt.com: http://www.how-to-quilt.com Ingrid Johnson, A. C. (2010). J.J.Pizzuto's Fabric Science Ninth Edition. Fairchild Books. Massard, G. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2011, from sewaquilt.com: www.sewaquilt.com Created by: Elizabeth Hale, Shanna Haws, Whitney Carter