High resolution spectroscopy with a femtosecond laser frequency comb

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Presentation transcript:

High resolution spectroscopy with a femtosecond laser frequency comb Vladislav Gerginov1 Scott Diddams2, Albrecht Bartels3, Carol E. Tanner1 and Leo Hollberg2 1Department of physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 2National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway M.S. 847, Boulder, CO 80305 3Gigaoptics GmbH (see exhibit)

Pulsed laser spectroscopy 1970s: Ideas of 2-photon spectroscopy with pulsed sources from T. W. Hänsch and V. P. Chebotaev; “Narrow resonances of two-photon absorption of super-narrow pulses in a gas” Y. V. Baklanov and V. P. Chebotaev, Appl. Phys. 12, 97 (1977). “Coherent Two-Photon Excitation by Multiple Light Pulses” R. Teets, J. Eckstein, and T. W. Hänsch Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 760-764 (1977). “Two-photon spectroscopy of laser-cooled Rb using a mode-locked laser”, M. J. Snadden, A. S. Bell, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, Opt. Commun, 125, 70-76, (1996). “High sensitivity phase spectroscopy with picosecond resolution” J. –C. Diels, B. Atherton, S. Diddams; Proceedings of 5th European Quantum Electronics Conference, 29 195–195, (1994). “United Time-Frequency Spectroscopy for Dynamics and Global Structure”, A. Marian, M. C. Stowe, J. R. Lawall, D. Felinto, J. Ye, Science Express, 1105660, 2004.

Direct single-photon spectroscopy using a femtosecond laser Bartels et al., Opt. Lett. 27(20) 1839, 2002 Bartels et al., Opt. Lett. 29,10,1081,2004

133Cs energy diagram and FLFC output spectrum

Optical frequency measurements Experimental setup Optical frequency measurements

D1 line @ 14nW power D2 line @ 1.5 nW power

D1 line measurements F-F’ Previous1 (kHz) This work (kHz) Difference (kHz) F3-F3 335120562759.7(4.9) 335120562753.7(85.0) -6.0 ( 0.1 sigma) F3-F4 335121730483.2(5.3) 335121730500.8(16.4) 17.6 (1 sigma) F4-F3 335111370130.2(4.6) 335111370146.3(10.5) 16.1 (1.4 sigma) F4-F4 335112537853.9(4.0) 335112537861.7(28.0) 7.8 ( 0.3 sigma) 1V. Gerginov, K. Calkins, C. E. Tanner, A. Bartels, J. McFerran, S. Diddams, L. Hollberg, in preparation

D2 line measurements F-F’ Previous1 (kHz) This work (kHz) Difference (kHz) F3-F2 351730549621.5(5.5) 351730549616.3(9.7) -5.2 (0.5 sigma) F3-F3 351730700845.9(5.5) 351730700766.1(98.5) -79.8(0.8 sigma) F3-F4 351730902133.2(5.6) 351730902116.9(34.2) -16.3 (0.5 sigma) F4-F3 351721508210.5(5.5) 351721508195.1(21.7) -15.4 (0.7 sigma) F4-F4 351721709496.9(5.5) 351721709471.6(167.8) -25.3( 0.2 sigma) F4-F5 351721960585.7(5.5) 351721960563.5(4.5) -22.2( 3 sigma) 1V. Gerginov, C. E. Tanner, S. Diddams, A. Bartels, L. Hollberg, PRA 70, 042505, 2004

Cs D2 line optical clock   Experimental setup Cs D2 line optical clock  

Cs D2 line optical clock performance

Conclusions Optical frequency measurements using a single comb component; A stable array of optical and microwave frequencies; Potential for femtosecond-laser based optical clocks;

Typical optical references performance Typical optical frequency reference uncertainties: This system: 60kHz @ 852nm (1.7×10-10) I2 stabilized He-Ne laser: 12 kHz @ 633 nm (2.5×10-11) I2 stabilized SHG of Nd:YAG: 5 kHz @ 532 nm (9×10-12) Rb 2-photon stabilized diode laser: 5 kHz @ 778nm (1.2×10-11) GPS: <1kHz with 1-2 days of averaging

Conclusions One-photon high resolution spectroscopy using the output of a femtosecond laser; Optical frequency measurements with accuracy better than 100kHz, reaches below 10 kHz; SubDoppler spectroscopy with 1nW laser power; Optical and microwave output with absolute accuracy at 10-10 level; Potential for femtosecond-laser based optical clocks.

Doppler shift compensation

D2 line excitation