Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Chapter 1 Introduction Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Soil 1. Definition： Soft Natural body Sustaining life (include Support plant growth) Dynamically changing On the earth surface 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Chapter 1 Introduction Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere 2. Characteristics of the soil ： 1）Productive：soil fertility 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Air Sunlight Moisture (provided from soil) Heat Nutrient(provided from soil) 民以食为天，食以土为本 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Chapter 1 Introduction Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere 2）Vitality：soil biodiversity 3）Environmental purification capacity: the physical and chemical properties of soil 4）Central environment elements: the intersection of earth’s spheres 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere Chapter 1 Introduction Section 1 Soil and Pedosphere 二. Pedosphere 1. Definition ： A loose sparse and uneven coverage layer which is covered on the earth’s land surface and the bottom of shallow waters, and its associated ecological and environmental system. Biosphere Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 2 Soil Pollution Chapter 1 Introduction Section 2 Soil Pollution 2. Pedosphere Functions releasing CO2、CH4、H2S and N2O， absorbing O2 supporting biological processes, providing biological water cycle and nutrient , water, etc. water balance, etc. earth’s protection layer geology cycle Atmosphere Biosphere Pedosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 2 Soil Pollution Chapter 1 Introduction Section 2 Soil Pollution 一. Soil Pollution When the concentration of pollutants in the soil environment is more than the soil self-purification capacity, or when the accumulation of pollutants in the soil exceeds the soil environment benchmarks / standards. That is called soil pollution. 二. The characteristics of soil pollution occurring coyly slow toxicity formed complexly long recovery particular diagnosis 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 2 Soil Pollution Chapter 1 Introduction Section 2 Soil Pollution 云南陆良化工厂铬渣污染致癌事件调查 三. Soil Pollution Sources moved into by fluids solid wastes utilization atmospheric deposition pesticides and fertilizers utilization carried by creatures 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 2 Soil Pollution Chapter 1 Introduction Section 2 Soil Pollution Soil Pollution Prevention strengthening investigation and monitoring of the soil pollution eliminating pollution sources thoroughly strengthening remediation and restoration of the polluted soil 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 3 Soil Quality and its Assessment Chapter 1 Introduction Section 3 Soil Quality and its Assessment 一. Soil Quality ：Soil can maintain productivity, environmental purification ability, support capability which is good for mankind, animal and plant’s health. Soil Quantity Assessment 1. Soil Fertility Quality soil properties crop irrigation water quality 2.Soil Environmental Quality Assessment 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Chapter 1 Introduction Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Soil Science Definition of Environmental Soil Science The disciplinary concept was put forward in the early 1980s. 　　　 Environmental soil science is a subject which researches changes, effects and regulation of soil environmental quality under the natural factors and man-made conditions. Its study subject is soil. It mainly focuses on the protection, utilization and improvement of soil quality. It researches the coordination between soil and the environment, and the sustainable use of soil. 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Chapter 1 Introduction Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Soil Science 二. Research Contents of Environmental Soil Science ① research the soil background value ② research situation of soil environment pollution to make a comprehensive evaluation; make a scientific prediction of soil environmental quality base on the needs of national economic development and the environmental protection measures ③ research the pollutants in the soil and its border environment, especially the law of main pollutants’ migration, transformation and distribution, make clear their source and destination 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Chapter 1 Introduction Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Soil Science ④ quantificationally research the man-made pollution factors (physical, chemical and biological) which cause the microscopic mechanism and macro-ecological effects of soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics ⑤ research ecological effects and hygiene evaluation of soil-plant system pollution ⑥ research purification function, mechanism of action, reaction kinetics and environmental conditions of soil-plant system for the main pollutants to provide a scientific basis for the development of municipal wastewater land treatment system ⑦ establish a mathematical model about bio-physical and chemical behavior of the law of pollutants migration and transformation in the soil and its border environment, and continue to modify and perfect it through practice and perfect 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26

Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Chapter 1 Introduction Section 4 Research Contents of Environmental Soil Science ⑧ on the basis of strict environmental soil science experiment, reference to a variety of environmental quality benchmark values, research the soil environmental standards ⑨calculate the soil environmental capacity, determine the mathematical model of the soil environmental capacity, provide a scientific basis for the total control of soil pollution ⑩ in the process of developing the national economy, research the effects on the soil environmental quality from factories and mines, companies, cities and large projects 杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院 2017/4/26