Cubism

Pablo Picasso

Art Movements Prior to Cubism Neoclassicism David Death of Marat

Realism Courbet The Stone Breakers

Manet Luncheon on the Grass

Impressionism Monet Impression:Sunrise

Post-Impressionism Van Gogh The Night Cafe

Modernism Munch The Scream

Expressionism Matisse Red Room

Cezanne Mont Sainte-Victoire

Cezanne Basket of Apples

Cezanne Bibemus Quarry

Cubism Cubism ( ) was a radical new direction for art. It was pioneered by Picasso and Braque and used geometric shapes. Cubism was divided into two main movements, analytic and synthetic cubism.

Analytic Analytic cubism was the first phase (Picasso's Girl With Mandolin). Artists deconstructed reality, breaking up figures into shapes and looked at things from multiple perspectives.

A face, for example, would be shown in profile and from a ¾ view. Most of these works were monochromatic or near it, depending on values to show forms and separate shapes. Picasso Wilhelm Uhde

Color schemes were simplified, tending to be nearly monochromatic (hues of tan, brown, gray, cream, green, or blue preferred) in order not to distract the viewer from the artist's primary interest--the structure of form itself. Picasso Accordionist

The monochromatic color scheme was suited to the presentation of complex, multiple views of the object Braque Harbor in Normandy

By creating a geometric structure of overlapping, shifting and tilted cubes, a work is created that seems to project out of the picture plane. Braque Le Staque

The Cubist style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional surface of the picture plane Braque Man With Guitar

Rejected the traditional techniques of perspective, foreshortening, modeling, and chiaroscuro and refuting time- honored theories of art as the imitation of nature. Picasso The Young Ladies of Avignon

Gris Open Window

Picasso Weeping Woman

Picasso Self Portrait

Delaunay City of Paris

Picasso Tete D’une Femme Lisant

Forms are generally compact and dense in the centre of the Analytical Cubist painting, growing larger as they diffuse toward the edges of the canvas. Picasso Portrait of Ambroise Vollard

Art historians consider Cubism to be the most influential form of art from the early 20th century. Delaunay The Red Tower

Synthetic Cubism

Synthetic cubism synthesized different things. It had more color and less values, flattening things. There were more shapes than forms. There was collage work in synthetic cubism, and the synthesizing of different textures and materials was a big part of this part of the movement.

This involved the introduction of different textures, surfaces and merged subject matter including newspapers, text, posters and music scores. Synthetic cubism placed an emphasis on multiple layers and shapes, creating compositions that were simpler, brighter and bolder then analytical cubism

Smooth and rough surfaces are contrasted with one another; and frequently non- painted objects such as newspapers are pasted on the canvas in combination with painted areas. Picasso Pipe, Glass, Bottle, Vieux and Marc

Gris Still Life Before an Open Window

This collage technique emphasizes the differences in texture and poses the question of what is reality and what is illusion in painting Braque Fruit Dish and Cards

Metzinger Table by a Window

Comparison

Cubist Sculptures Archipenko Woman Combing Her Hair

Lipchitz Bather

Gonzalez Woman Combing Her Hair

Futurism Sculpture Boccioni Unique Forms of Continuity in Space

Neo-Cubism

The End