Artificial Satellites

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Artificial Satellites Astronomy Unit 3 Artificial Satellites Natural Satellites Our Moon Orbit of our Moon Surface Features of our Moon Origin of our Moon

Artificial Satellites Vocab Words for Artificial Satellites Artificial Satellite Scientific Research Satellite Weather Satellite Earth-Observing Satellite Navigation Satellite Communication Satellite Military Satellite

Artificial Satellites An Artificial Satellite is a man made object put into orbit around another object. For example, they orbit Earth, other planets, moons, etc. They remain in orbit by a gravitational force. They all take different types of orbits depending upon their purpose. They include different instruments depending upon their purpose. All include some sort of communication device to communicate with earth and some sort of device to allow it to power itself.

Artificial Satellites

Artificial Satellites There are 6 types of artificial satellites: Scientific Research Satellite Weather Satellite Earth-Observing Satellite Navigation Satellite Communication Satellite Military Satellite

Artificial Satellites Scientific Research Satellite Used to collect data and research other planets and/or moons.

Artificial Satellites Weather Satellite Used to collect data and research weather patterns across the world.

Artificial Satellites Earth-Observing Satellite Used to take pictures of different areas of the earth.

Artificial Satellites Navigation Satellite Used to communicate with your gps and other tracking systems.

Artificial Satellites Communication Satellite Used by companies to allow and enhance communication with your tvs, radios, cell phones, internet, etc.

Artificial Satellites Military Satellite Used by the government to spy on other nations or spy on our own nation.

Natural Satellites Vocab Words for Natural Satellites

Natural Satellites A Natural Satellite is an object that is in orbit around another object. It is not man-made! Examples: The earth a natural satellite of the sun. All of the planets, comets, meteoroids, asteroids and dwarf planets are natural satellites of the sun. The moon is a natural satellite of the earth. Jupiter has 64 natural satellites. Natural Satellites orbit due to a gravitational force exerted by its parent object.

Natural Satellites Here is the orbit of some of the planets around the sun. They are natural satellites of the sun.

Natural Satellites Our Moon The Orbit of the Moon Vocab Words for “The Orbit of the Moon” 1st Quarter 3rd Quarter New Moon Full Moon Waxing Waning Synchronous Orbit Near Side Far Side Lunar Eclipse Solar Eclipse

Natural Satellites The Orbit of the Moon The moon revolves around the earth every 29.5 days. The moon rotates around itself every 29.5 days as well! This means the moon’s orbit is synchronous A Synchronous Orbit is when the period of revolution is equal to the period of rotation. The moon rotates at the same exact pace that is revolves at!

Natural Satellites The Orbit of the Moon The Synchronous orbit of the Moon causes the moon to have a Near Side and a Far Side. The Near Side of the Moon is the side of the moon that ALWAYS faces the earth. The Far Side of the Moon is the side of the moon that NEVER faces the earth. In 1959 the Russian Mission, Luna 3 (an unmanned space probe) photographed it. This is the first time people saw pictures of the Far Side. It wasn’t until 1968 that people saw it first hand. Apollo 8 was able to orbit the moon and view the far side. Astronauts Frank Borman, Jim Lovell and William Anders were able to see it.

Near Side on the Left and Far Side on the Right Natural Satellites Near Side on the Left and Far Side on the Right

Natural Satellites Note the differences between the Near Side and Far Side This is why scientists believe the Earth has had some impact on the Formation of the Moon.

Natural Satellites The Orbit of the Moon As the moon revolves around the earth it looks different in the sky each night. The different appearances of the moon in the night sky are called the Moon Phases. The moon is ALWAYS 50% lit up from the sun. It isn’t always the lit up side that is facing the earth. What we see at night (the different phases) are combination of the lit up portion of the moon and side of the moon facing the earth.

Natural Satellites

Natural Satellites The Moon goes through 8 distinct phases during each of its revolution. New Moon Waxing Crescent 1st Quarter Waxing Gibbous Full Moon Waning Gibbous 3rd Quarter Waning Crescent

Natural Satellites

Natural Satellites New Moon is when none of the lit up portion of the moon is facing the earth. The moon appears completely dark in the night sky from earth. Full Moon is when all of the lit portion of the moon is facing the earth. The moon appears completely bright in the night sky from earth.

Natural Satellites The Waxing phases are the growing phases of the moon. When the moon goes from new moon to full moon The Waning phases are the shrinking phases of the moon. When the moon goes from full moon back down to new moon

Natural Satellites The Orbit of the Moon The moon’s orbit is tilted 5 degrees to the earth’s orbit.

Natural Satellites The Orbit of the Moon This tilted orbit means that solar eclipses and lunar eclipses will NOT occur each month. A Solar Eclipse is when the moon comes right in between the earth and sun and casts its shadow upon the sun. The Moon should be New Moon phase at this point. A Lunar Eclipse is when Earth falls directly in between the sun and the moon and casts its shadow upon the moon. The Moon should be in Full Moon phase at this point.

Natural Satellites Solar Eclipse Position of Sun, Moon & Earth View from Earth Total Solar Eclipse

Natural Satellites Lunar Eclipse View from Earth Total Lunar Eclipse Position of Sun, Moon & Earth

Natural Satellites Our Moon Moon’s Surface Features Vocab Words for “Surface Features of our moon” Maria Highland Crater

Natural Satellites Moon’s Surface Features The moon has surface features similar to the way earth has surface features. When Galileo first looked the moon from earth, he believed he was seeing oceans and continents on the moon because he saw darker and lighter areas. The moon consists of maria and highlands. Maria are dark, low-lying lava intrusions upon the moon’s surface Highlands are lighter, elevated areas of the moon’s surface

Natural Satellites Moon’s Surface Features

Natural Satellites Moon’s Surface Features The moon’s surface is covered in craters. These are bowl shaped depressions resulting from a meteoroid impact.

Natural Satellites Origin of our Moon You will read about the different theories on how the moon was formed in your reading booklet. You will also do a lab that where you will learn about the age of different surface features on the moon.