Access Prior Knowledge Lesson 4: What is know about the Moon? Opening Activity Open Science textbook to page 556. Open Science workbook to page 172A to review homelearning. Open Science folder to review vocabulary words and outline for the chapter. Open Science journal and answer the following question: 1. How are comets and asteroids different? Review Content Cards and Q-Cards in bin, sharing with partners quizzing each other quietly. Log in to clickers using student ID number. Be ready to review home learning when timer goes off. Don't forget to write your home learning in your agenda page 173A.

1The Moon is a quarter of Earth’s size. Yes No Do you agree with the statement?

2The Moon’s surface is smooth and flat. Yes No Do you agree with the statement?

3The phases of the Moon are caused by the positions of the Moon and Earth. Yes No Do you agree with the statement?

4The Sun is the main cause of rising and falling tides. Yes No Do you agree with the statement?

Traveling with Earth The Moon is smaller than Earth (1/4 Earth’s size) and has no atmosphere, air or water. We consider the moon is a satellite because a satellite is any object that orbits another object. The Moon is Earth’s only natural satellite. Earth’s other satellites are man-made. First paragraph pg. 556

The Moon's Surface The surface of the Moon is rocky with craters, valleys, mountains, and plains. Rocks or comets that hit the Moon made these craters and last millions of years because there is no air or water to wear them away like Earth’s craters.

Looking at the Moon The “near side” always faces Earth because the Moon’s spin and orbit happen at the same speed. It takes about 29 days for the Moon to revolve around Earth and it also takes 29 days for the Moon to spin once on its axis. In 1969, U.S. astronaut Neil Armstrong was the first human to walk on the Moon and see the “far side”; so far 12 people have walked on the Moon. First paragraph pg. 557

Phases of the Moon The Moon does not make its own light, it reflects the Sun’s light. Moon phases are the shapes of the lit side of the Moon we can see. The phases of the Moon are predictable as they repeat about every 29 days, due to the position of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun. -New Moon: The Moon is passing between Earth and the Sun. Its sunlit side is facing away from Earth. -Crescent Moon: A small piece of the Moon’s sunlit side faces Earth. -First Quarter: Half of the Moon’s sunlit side faces Earth. This happens about a week after the New Moon. -Full Moon: Earth is between the Moon and the Sun. The Moon’s entire lighted side faces Earth. This happens about two weeks after the New Moon. New Moon Full Moon First Quarter Moon Crescent Moon First paragraph pg. 558

High and Low Tide Most places on Earth have two high tides and two low tides each day caused by the Moon’s gravity. Earth’s land, water, and air are pulled toward the Moon by gravity making the ocean rise and fall. Along the coast, the shape of the land affects the tides. Second paragraph pg. 560

High and Low Tide In many places, high tide is about two meters (six feet) higher than low tide and in some places, the difference is much greater. -Tidal differences are much less during neap tides because the Sun pulls on Earth at a greatly different angle from the Moon. The Sun’s gravity also affects tides slightly; however, the Sun is very far away. Tides also change with the Moon’s phases, so tides are highest during a full Moon or a new Moon. -At these times, the Sun, Earth, and the Moon line up. The gravity of both the Moon and the Sun pull in the same direction. Tides Moons

Know Your Phases New Moon Full Moon First Quarter Moon Crescent Moon

TextQuest 1. During what phase of the moon does the moon pass between the earth and Sun? 2. What happens during neap tides? 3. Which moon phase appears when the earth is between the moon and Sun? 4. About how many days is the moon phase cycle? Don't forget to write your home learning in your agenda page 173A.