THE AGE OF REVOLUTION MID-VICTORIAN EXPANSION AND THE WORLD
Ottoman Empire –Egypt India China
Ottoman Loss of Territories
Ottoman Empire Growing trade Attacks by Russia French occupation of Egypt (1798) Algeria (1830) Free Trade Treaty (1838) Domestic Reform Serbian Uprising (1804), Greek Revolution (1821), Egyptian Revolt (1831, 1838) Bankruptcy (1876)
TOPKAPI DOLMABAHCE
Egypt Napoleon 1798 Mehmed Ali ( ) Revolt against the Ottomans – , Reforms under M. Ali and his sons Suez Canal (1869) –Ferdinand De Lesseps –Purchased by Britain in 1875 Bankrupt, occupied by Britain 1882
Mehmed Ali
Ferdinand De Lesepps
Suez Canal
India Decline of the Mughal Empire Battle of the Plassey (1757) British colonial rule, Phase I ( ) –East India Company –British bureaucracy, British law, colonial tax –Undermining of Indian textiles Barred from British markets Duty free imports from Britain Forced conversion of fields –Make India like Britain –Sepoy Army and Sepoy Rebellion ( ) British colonial rule, Phase II ( ) –End of Company rule, beginnings of rule by proxy
Mughal Empire
CHINA AND BRITAIN EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES
From Ming to Qing
Qing Trade Policies –No government support –No foreign travel –Restrictions on foreign merchants –Co-hong system British Expeditions –James Flint (1759) –George Macartney (1792)
Lord George Macartney
From Ming to Qing
Macartney Expedition
Emperor Qianlong
Opium Wars –Chinese restrictions (1729, 1797, 1799) –Lin Zexu (1838) –First Opium War ( ) Nanjing Treaty (1842) –Second Opium War ( )
Nanjing Treaty (1842)
Palmerston
Opium Wars –Chinese restrictions (1729, 1797, 1799) –Lin Zexu (1838) –First Opium War ( ) Nanjing Treaty (1842) –Second Opium War ( )
Second Opium War ( )
Taiping Rebellion ( ) Hong Xiuquan Heavenly King of the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (1850) Ever Victorious Army –Frederick Ward –General Gordon
Hong Xiuquan
Taiping Rebellion ( ) Hong Xiuquan Heavenly King of the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (1850) Ever Victorious Army –Frederick Ward –General Gordon
Chinese Gordon Gordon Pasha (1864)(1883)