FASCIOLA HEPATICA

FASCIOLA hepatica Disease: Fascioliasis & liver rot in animals. Distribution: - Common in cattle & sheep raising countries.

FASCIOLA hepatica Definitive host : man Reservoir host: Cattle, sheep ,goats, buffaloes Habitat: Bile ducts. Intermediate host: Lymnaea snails. Infective stage : Encysted metacercaria.

Mode of infection Ingestion of raw vegitation or water containing encysted metacercaria.

Life cycle:

Adult FASCIOLA Hepatica

Egg: Size : 140 X 70 µm. Shape: Oval, Thin walled with operculum. Color : Yellowish brown (bile stained). Contents : Ovum & yolk cells (immature).

Miracidium Pyriform. Ciliated.

Lymnaea snails

Cercaria (Leptocercus) Last larval stage inside the snail. No sexual organs. Cystogenous glands (help in passing out of snail & in encysting on vegetations or water). Tail: simple & helps in leaving the snail.

Encysted Metacercaria Without tail. Surrounded by a cyst wall.

Clinical Picture : Fever. Pain & tenderness in right hypochondrium. Biliary colics. Hepatomegaly, Jaundice. Vomiting & diarrhoea. Toxaemia. Anaemia & eosinophilia.

Diagnosis Clinically : A highly suggestive tetrad of: Fever. Hepatomegaly. Pain & tenderness in the right hypochondrium. Eosinophilia.

Diagnosis II- Laboratory : a. Direct methods Stool examination by direct smear & concentration methods to find the characteristic eggs. Bile aspiration from the duodenum & examine for eggs. US. Computerized tomography (C.T).

Diagnosis

Diagnosis b. Indirect Methods ELISA, IHA ,CIEP Eosinophilia.

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