Major Developments in Psychology! 1850-2000. Dualism – 1600’s  Mind and Body are separate and distinct!?!  Rene’ Descartes – proposes that there is.

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Presentation transcript:

Major Developments in Psychology!

Dualism – 1600’s  Mind and Body are separate and distinct!?!  Rene’ Descartes – proposes that there is a link that exists between the two! (mid 1600’s)

1853 – First use of the term Psychology!

Brain surgery in the 1860’s  Paul Broca identifies the brain’s speech center

If smart people marry, they will have smart kids!?!?  1876 – Sir Francis Galton proposes that heredity determines intelligence. Also assumed the wealthiest people were the most intelligent!?!

The Father of Psychology  1879 – Wilhelm Wundt sets up first psychology laboratory.  Structuralism – How do people think – introspection…self observation and those of clients.

1884 – Functionalism  William James develops Functionalism  Functionalism – studies how animals and people adapt to their environment… Survival of the species.

1900 – Sigmund Freud!  Publishes “The Interpretation of Dreams.”  Father of Psychoanalysis….  The unconscious mind….primitive biological urges…that are in conflict with society and morality.

1901 – Ring a bell and I’ll salivate!  Ivan Pavlov  Discovers conditioned reflex  Operant Conditioning

1913 – Behaviorism  John Watson – investigated observable behavior!

1923 – Jean Piaget!  Language and Thought of Children gets published.  Developmental Psychology!

1948 – B.F. Skinner  Introduces the idea of reinforcement  Reward good behavior to continue it.

1951 – Humanistic Psychology  Carl Rogers  Abraham Maslow 1970 – Self Actualization  How each person is unique and has a self concept and potential to develop fully.

1990’s – Sociocultural Psycholoy  influence of cultural and ethnic similarities and differences of behavior and social functioning  Biological Psychology Genetic factors influence a wide variety of human behaviors. i.e. autism and twins….identical vs. fraternal

Four Goals of Psychology  1. Describe  2. Explain  3. Predict  4. Influence

Scientific Method  Identify a specific problem or question  Formulate a Hypothesis  Collect Data through Observation and Experimentation  Analyze the Data  Conclusion- Prove or Disprove