NEW INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Chapter 18 Section 1

The Centennial Celebrate US 100 th birthday (1876) in Philadelphia Fair to show American inventions

The Centennial Millions came to see American advances

The Centennial Corliss engine was giant steam engine Symbolize American strength in industry

Why Did Industry Grow? Railroads –Allow massive exchange of resources and goods throughout country

Why Did Industry Grow? Inventions –Patent – guarantees profits from invention for a period of time –1860 – 36,000 patents, 1900 – 650,000

Why Did Industry Grow? Natural Resources –Coal, iron, oil, forests, fertile land –provide material for industrial growth

Why Did Industry Grow? Human talent and labor – population doubled –massive immigration

Why Did Industry Grow? Capital –Money used for investment Wealthy people take their profits and loan it to others for business investments Wealthy people get interest on loan New businesses get money needed to start business

Steel: Backbone of Industry Steel is combination of Iron and other metals Bessemer Process –Allowed production of steel at low cost –Result in steel output increase by 10 times

Steel: Backbone of Industry Railroads use steel Coal needed to make steel –spur on coal mining industry

Inventions in Electricity Try to learn how electricity work and how to make it Tesla invent generator powered by Niagara Falls

Inventions in Electricity Thomas Edison –New Jersey – –Invent light bulb, Phonograph, motion picture –Electric lights replaced gas lights

Bell and the Telephone Telephone was developed as a way to send sound Developed by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Watson Replaces need for telegraph

Machines to make life easier Washers Ice Box Toasters Sewing Machines Telephones

Changes in Everyday life Companies mass produce items that used to be made at home Advertising develop to sell the products Ready made clothing was available –Style and fashion develop as a result Department stores develop to sell goods –Mail catalogues also develop – Sears etc.

Henry Ford’s Assembly Line Assembly line developed by Henry Ford –Brought all parts of production in one spot

Henry Ford’s Assembly Line Increased speed of production decreased uniqueness of product

Henry Ford’s Assembly Line Ford made cars cheap paid workers well to let them buy cars

Wright Brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright –First plane to fly in air Kitty Hawk, NC –Lasted less than a minute Planes were not important until World War I