Elements of Rhetoric English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor 1.

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Elements of Rhetoric English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor 1

Deductive & Inductive Arguments Both styles of argument are used to construction strong hypotheses and thesis statements. Both systems arrive at conclusions assumed to establish a defendable truth. English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor2

Definition of Deductive Arguments Deduction—a style of argument which draws conclusions from evidence assumed to be true; the results are expected to be valid and based on truth. Information moves from general notions to specific notions. Remember Sherlock Holmes, the classic example, taking evidence from a scene to deduce the criminal mastermind behind the crime; highly skilled in logic and reason. English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor3

Thomas Jefferson In his various drafts of the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson uses a deductive rationale to justify the colonies’ position for abandoning English rule. explaining laws and regulations is best expressed through deduction notice in the example provided that he moves from a specific point to general observations English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor4

Definition of Inductive Arguments Induction—a style of argument which moves from specific facts (or basic observations of an event) to generalities Such arguments can be based on personal experiences and then applied to broader conclusions resolving issues within global society or a smaller, individual community. Moral or ethical themes work best with inductive arguments. English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor5

Francis Bacon Bacon discusses various philosophical and abstract concepts, such as “Of Truth” in a collection of essays published in the 17th Century. Bacon uses an inductive rationale to explain and define the concept of “truth.” he is exploring the various ethical issues of the human thought process notice in the example provided that he moves from general observations to specifics. English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor6

Francis Bacon He follows general assumptions of his Renaissance time period: Heavily influenced by Christian scriptures and classical philosophy. Bacon believes "truth" should be identified by the "truths" established by dogma of Christianity. Bacon believes humans are actual descendants of a historic Adam and Eve who became corrupted by nature and desire. He also assumes that humans have a moral obligation to struggle against sin and human frailties to pursue Truth and God. English 1302: Composition & Rhetoric II || D. Glen Smith, instructor7