© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Clicker Questions for use with Classroom Response Systems Campbell Essential Biology, Fourth Edition – Simon, Reece, and Dickey Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Third Edition – Simon, Reece, and Dickey Questions prepared by Brad Williamson, updated by Mike Tveten Chapter 2 Essential Chemistry for Biology

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. The reactive properties (chemical behavior) of an atom mostly depend on the number of a.electrons in each electron shell of the atom. b.neutrons found in the nucleus. c.filled electron shells. d.electrons in the outer electron shell of the atom. Concept Check

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept Check Water molecules form hydrogen bonds because a.the water molecule is polar. b.the oxygen molecule is positively charged. c.the water molecule forms a tetrahedron. d.the hydrogen atoms are negatively charged.

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Interpreting Data This is the general equation for photosynthesis—the process of capturing sunlight energy and converting it to chemical energy. Which of the following are the reactants of this reaction? a.C 6 H 12 O 6 and O 2 b.CO 2 and H 2 O

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Interpreting Data Earth’s oceans are immense. Small floating plants called phytoplankton contribute to ocean productivity. As ocean productivity (the rate of photosynthesis) goes up, what would you predict would happen to global carbon dioxide levels? a.CO 2 levels should also go up. b.CO 2 levels should go down. c.CO 2 levels should remain constant.

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Interpreting Data The world’s oceans throughout the tropics are not very productive. (These oceans do not capture much sunlight through the process of photosynthesis.) On the other hand, some of the most productive oceans are the Arctic and Antarctic. What might be limiting production in the tropical oceans? a.low temperature b.low sunlight c.low nutrients d.high nutrients

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Interpreting Data – Iron is the fourth most common element (by weight) in the Earth’s crust. – Iron is an essential trace element for all living organisms. – Ocean waters, particularly the Southern Ocean, have very minute amounts of iron. – The iron hypothesis states that iron availability limits ocean productivity.

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Interpreting Data These are the results of a laboratory experiment to test the effect of trace nutrients on the productivity of Pacific Ocean water. After six days, which nutrient had the greatest effect on productivity? a.iron b.manganese c.copper d.zinc Adapted from Coale, Kenneth H Effects of Iron, Manganese, Copper and Zinc Enrichments on Productivity and Biomass in the Subarctic Pacific. Limnology and Oceanography. 36:

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Interpreting Data Some have suggested that fertilizing the oceans with iron might be a possible solution to the increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Iron’s function as a trace nutrient in phytoplankton and its potential effect on the atmosphere and global climate is a good example of what? a.the stability of atoms b.the unity of life on Earth c.emergent properties

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Biology and Society Carbon dioxide contributes to global warming as a greenhouse gas. Some have suggested that fertilizing the oceans with iron might be a possible solution to the increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Large-scale experiments have been done and the results indicate that there is at least a short-term increase in productivity and a decrease of carbon dioxide immediately in the area of iron fertilization. Do you think we should pursue this line of research with more large-scale experiments to introduce iron to ocean systems? Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree A. E. C. B. D.

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Do you think that adding trace elements to food items is good public policy? Biology and Society Too little iodine in the diet can lead to goiter, the condition afflicting this person. Goiter is not common in developing countries because iodine is added to salt and other foods. Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree A. E. C. B. D.

© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Biology and Society One of the authors of your text once overheard the following: “It’s paranoid and ignorant to worry about industry or agriculture contaminating the environment with their chemical wastes. After all, this stuff is just made of the same atoms that were already present in our environment anyway.” What do you think of this statement? Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree A. E. C. B. D.