Eating Disorders

Poor Body Image Trying to reach societies “perfect body” Social influence Magazines TV Pressure from peers Size 14 Poor Body Image

Body Image Issues

Food for thought Did you know that if female mannequins were real women they'd be too thin to have babies If Barbie was a real woman, she'd have to walk on all fours due to her proportions. The average woman wears between a size 12-14

Emotional and Personality Disorders Body Image Influences Family Pressures Media Most fashion models are thinner than 98% of American women (Smolak, 1996). Cultural Pressures Emotional and Personality Disorders

Negative Family Influences Parental Attitudes and Behaviors 40% of 9- and 10-year-old girls trying to lose weight generally did so with the urging of their mothers Family History of Addictions or Emotional Disorders People Easting Disorders are more likely to have parents with alcoholism or substance abuse than are those in the general population Sexual abuse rates as high as 35% in women with bulimia History of Abuse May have overweight family members or may have been overweight themselves Family Obesity History Negative Family Influences

Behaviors Food Related: Rituals involving food Perfectionists Anxiety Control Issues Low-self esteem Pressured Experienced Trauma Food Related: Rituals involving food Extremely low food intake Obsessive about food Behaviors

Types of Disorders Bulimia Nervosa Anorexia Nervosa an eating disorder characterized by unrealistic fear of weight gain, self-starvation, and distortion of body image Bulimia Nervosa consume large amounts of food (binge) and then try to rid themselves of the food and calories (purge) Binge-Eating Disorder condition characterized by recurrent binge eating. Eating very rapidly; eating until uncomfortably full; eating when not hungry

INTENSE fear of gaining weight Anorexia Nervosa INTENSE fear of gaining weight Skewed body image even when clearly underweight Specific amount of food they “can” eat everyday Rituals when eating Always think about food

Anorexia Nervosa Types: Restricting Symptoms: Over Exercise 1.  Refusal to maintain healthy weight 2.  Intense Fear of Gaining Weight or Becoming Fat, Even if Underweight 3. Body Image Problems 4. Amenorrhea or Absence of Menstruation Ten Warning Signs: Deliberate self-starvation with weight loss • Intense, persistent fear of gaining weight • Refusal to eat or highly restrictive eating • Continuous dieting • Excessive facial/body hair because of inadequate protein in the diet • Compulsive exercise • Abnormal weight loss • Sensitivity to cold • Absent or irregular menstruation • Hair loss Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia Nervosa SCARY stats! 40 – 60% of high school girls diet. 42% of 1st-3rd grade girls want to be thinner (Collins, 1991). 81% of 10 year olds are afraid of being fat (Mellin et al., 1991). 40 – 60% of high school girls diet. 50% of girls between the ages of 13 and 15 believe they are overweight. 80% of 13 year old girls have dieted. 40% of 9 year old girls dieted. SCARY stats! 10% of anorexia occurs in men,

Bulimia Nervosa WHAT: HOW: WHY: A disorder characterized by frequent binge eating followed by regret and efforts to stop weight gain. WHAT: Purging after binge eating by using laxatives, induced vomiting, excess exercising etc. HOW: Bulimia Nervosa WHY: Fear of gaining weight or not being thin enough.

Eating large amounts of food in short amount of time Binge Eating large amounts of food in short amount of time Purge Try to take back the binge by throwing up, exercising to exhaustion, using diuretics, etc. Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Symptoms Purging Symptoms Lack of control over eating Secrecy surrounding eating Eating unusually large amounts of food Disappearance of food Alternating between over eating and fasting. Purging Symptoms Going to the bathroom after meals Using laxatives, diuretics, enemas Smell of vomit Excessive Exercising Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa Effects Weight gain Abdominal pain, bloating Swelling of the hands and feet Chronic sore throat, hoarseness Broken blood vessels in the eyes Swollen cheeks and salivary glands Weakness and dizziness Tooth decay and mouth sores Acid reflux or ulcers Ruptured stomach or esophagus Loss of menstrual periods Chronic constipation from laxative abuse Bulimia Nervosa

Binge-Eating Disorder Binge eating disorder is characterized by compulsive overeating in which people consume huge amounts of food while feeling out of control and powerless to stop. Binge-Eating Disorder Frequent episodes of uncontrollable binge eating Feeling extremely distressed or upset during or after bingeing No regular attempts to “make up” for the binges through vomiting, fasting, or over-exercising.

Signs of Emotional Eating Using food to: fill a void in your life feel better or cheer yourself up calm down or soothe your nerves escape from problems cope with stress and worries reward yourself People with binge eating disorder suffer from this psychological Binge-Eating Disorder

Binge-Eating Disorder Behavior Symptoms -Inability to stop eating -Rapid eating -Eating past full -Hiding food -Stockpiling food -no planned meals Binge-Eating Disorder -Feeling tension that is relieved by eating -Embarrassment -Feeling numb during binge - Feel guilt Emotional Symptoms

Make long term treatment plan Treatment & Recovery STEP 1 Find a Specialist STEP 2 Address health needs STEP 3 Make long term treatment plan

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