HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 1 Chapter 3 THE CIVIL WAR Section 1: The Union Dissolves Section 2: The North and South Face Off Section 3: Fighting the War Section 4: The Final Phase

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 2 Objectives: What were the results of the Battle of Gettysburg? What were the results of the Battle of Gettysburg? Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg significant? Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg significant? What was General Grant’s strategy in the summer of 1864? What was General Grant’s strategy in the summer of 1864? What were the strategy and tactics of General Sherman? What were the strategy and tactics of General Sherman? What were the terms of the surrender at Appomattox? What were the terms of the surrender at Appomattox? Section 4: The Final Phase

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 3 The Battle of Gettysburg Lee was forced to retreat back to Virginia. Lee was forced to retreat back to Virginia. The Union army gained confidence that the Confederate army could be beaten. The Union army gained confidence that the Confederate army could be beaten. Casualties numbered more than 50,000 in three days of fighting. Casualties numbered more than 50,000 in three days of fighting. Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address when the battlefield was dedicated as a cemetery. Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address when the battlefield was dedicated as a cemetery. Section 4: The Final Phase

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 4 Vicksburg Combined with the fall of Port Hudson, Louisiana, victory at Vicksburg gave the Union complete control of the Mississippi River. Combined with the fall of Port Hudson, Louisiana, victory at Vicksburg gave the Union complete control of the Mississippi River. The city’s fall cut off Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the Confederacy. The city’s fall cut off Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the Confederacy. Section 4: The Final Phase

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 5 Grant’s strategy take advantage of the North’s soldiers and supplies take advantage of the North’s soldiers and supplies keep fighting despite losses keep fighting despite losses fight a war of attrition fight a war of attrition Section 4: The Final Phase

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 6 Sherman’s tactics and strategy waged total war waged total war destroyed economic resources destroyed economic resources spread demoralization spread demoralization burned Atlanta and captured Savannah burned Atlanta and captured Savannah Section 4: The Final Phase

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON The American Nation HOLT IN THE MODERN ERA 7 Terms of surrender All soldiers would be fed. All soldiers would be fed. Confederate officers could keep their side arms. Confederate officers could keep their side arms. Soldiers could keep their horses and mules. Soldiers could keep their horses and mules. Rebels would not be tried for treason. Rebels would not be tried for treason. Section 4: The Final Phase