The Civil War was fought in 10,000 places. This is just a few places where the greatest number of Americans would loose their lives in war.

 First shots fired at Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC  President Lincoln was re-supplying fort  Cadets from Citadel attack US supply ships  Confederate victory

 Anaconda plan  South plan  War of Attrition  Inflict heavy losses on opponent until they give up.

 Proves war will be long and arduous  Showcases the Confederate strengths (Better Generals)  Confederate victory and unorganized Union retreat  Spectators complicate battlefield actions  General Irvin McDowell if fired

 After McDowell is fired George McClellan is given command of the Army of the Potomac (union)  It takes him 8 mo to get in the war  He would sit outside Richmond for Months

 To keep Union forces from reinforcing McClellan on the Peninsula

 Grant wins victories at Donelson TN., Fort Henry TN and at Shiloh TN.  Great loss of life  23,000 wounded or dead in 2 Shiloh alone

 First battle of ironclads in the history of the world  At this moment every navy in the world was obsolete  Why?  The Merrimack is sometimes referred to as the Virginia  Why?

 Farragut captures New Orleans  Grant stalls out at Vicksburg.  Vicksburg is all that stands in the way of the Union dominating the Miss. R.

 Robert E. Lee drives McClellan out of Virginia

 Bloodiest 1 day of war – casualties  1 of 4 battles fought in the north  Must win for both sides

 McClellan had Lee’s battle plans but did nothing for 18hrs.  If McClellan had attacked within these 18hrs the war would have been over.  Instead he gave Lee time to gather his forces

 McClellan could have ended the war here but would not press the attack.  It would take 19 days for him to go after Lee.  He is Replaced as commander of the Eastern Union forces by General Burnside.

 What did this proclamation do?  Why did Lincoln wait till now to issue it?  Why did Lincoln need to issue it?  How would this proclamation change the war?

Because McClellan was fired for not attacking General Burnside would make a terrible mistake at Fredericksburg.

 General McClellan is too cautious and fired  Burnsides takes over and marches right at Richmond (battle of Fredericksburg)  Union suffers 13,000 loses  Confederates suffer 5,000  Gen. Ambrose Burnside was replaced by Gen. Joseph Hooker after the disastrous Battle of Fredricksburg.  Hooker would have his own disaster at the Battle of Chancellorsville and be replaced by Maj. Gen. George Meade.

 Hooker lost 17,000 men at Chancellorsville.  After Hooker’s disaster at the Battle of Chancellorsville and be replaced by Maj. Gen. George Meade.  Unfortunately for Lee Stonewall Jackson is mortally wounded in this battle. He would die some weeks later  “Jackson might have lost his left arm, I lost my right” R. E. Lee

 The turning point of the war occurs in 1863

 South attempts to invade the north  Cut-off at Gettysburg Pennsylvania  Robert E. Lee felt a southern victory on Union soil would lead to a union surrender  Confederate defeat ends the Confederates offensive capabilities

Troop strength Casualties Total Union Confederacy

 Lee takes responsibility for the loss.  Offers resignation  The south is crippled  Meade angers Lincoln by not pursuing Lee’s army.  Meade will be replaced soon

 Because of the need to replace soldiers to end the war the draft is used in the north  Draft had been going for some time in the south  Rich man’s war, poor man’s battle  The draft is very unpopular especially to the Irish immigrants  Draft Riots -100 people are killed  Blacks are allowed in the Military (they want to fight)

 Upon completion of the battle a cemetery is commemorated  President Lincoln commemorates the cemetery with a famous speech  Why did they commemorate this battle ground?  President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address

 Union victory the day after Gettysburg  Completes the execution of the Anaconda plan  New “siege” technique used (48 days)  Battle leads to Ulysses S. Grant’s fame  Grant chosen to be Union Commander after victory  He will soon bring his good friend William T. Sherman as well

 The fall of Atlanta was especially noteworthy for its political ramifications (Lincoln is reelected)  Confederate general Joseph P. Johnston is fired  Replaced with John Bell Hood  By this time the Union was armed w/ Henry repeating rifles (15 shots)

 Joseph A. Wheeler  Confederate Cavalry Commander  One of the defenders of Atlanta  Atlanta would fall after 6 weeks.

 William T. Sherman brings about a new yet old type of warfare  “Total Warfare”  By the time he is done Sherman causes $100,000,000 worth of damage.  Along the way escaped prisoners of war from Andersonville were found.

 Name of the town, not courthouse  Lee surrenders at the house of Wilmer McLean.  “the Civil War began in my front yard and ended in my front parlor?