Chapter 15 the Civil War

Causes of the war 1. Slavery 2. Sectionalism 3. States' rights

Slavery The southern states were still reliant on slavery Some of these states started to believe in the idea of Succession: The act of leaving an organization, in this case the United States States of the Deep South, which had the greatest concentration of plantations, were the first to secede.

In the North Unlike the South, the North relied on industry This gave them a advantage in the war, because they could produce more war items faster. The north also had many people believed in cause of abolition.

Abolition Abolition: putting an end to something by law. In our case we are talking about putting an end to slavery. These contrasting ideas led to sectionalsim

Sectionalism Sectionalism refers the tensions that existed between the North and south do to differences in how the areas operated. Economic= The north was industrial, the south farmed Socially=The north had no slaves, south had many slaves. Politically= The North accepted big government, south pushed for state government

1861 As Lincoln prepared to take office there were two large questions he faced. Did the power of the Federal Government outweigh state’s rights? Can some one actually be allowed to own another person?

Succession The election of Lincoln in 1860 lead to the succession of seven deep south states. Originally the decision occurred December 20, 1860 in Charleston South Carolina. As well as the southern states or con federacy choosing Jefferson Davis to be their president.

Breaking Points Fort Sumter Fort Sumter was off the coast of South Carolina a key succession state Lincoln refused to turn over Ft. Sumter Jefferson Davis ordered the attack the fort. After fort Sumter was lost to the South or confederacy, Lincoln ordered troops to retake the fort.

Advantages and disadvantages North: Physical strength, industrial build up, railroads. South: On the defense, Stronger fighting men, better trained officers

Green backs Both sides had trouble supplying troops. Both sides relied on private industry. Neither side believed in paying high taxes to pay for the war. Depositories printed paper money known as greenbacks lead to runaway inflation

Anaconda Policy The Anaconda policy was a major strategy of the Union army to blockade the coasts of the South. Control the Mississippi River and the flow of supplies. Lincoln developed the idea of fighting on two fronts: Attacking and invading the Capital of Virginia, while invading Texas and Louisiana

The Difference between the two Presidents Lincoln: President and Political Leader of the North or Union Jefferson Davis President of the confederacy.

The Battle OF Bull Run Considered to be a blunder for union forces. General Winfield Scott lead a poorly trained group of Union soldiers against General Thomas J. Jackson. Jackson with highly trained troops won the day.

Robert. E. Lee head General of the confederacy At one point Lee was offered the position of leading the forces of the union. Lee was more successful in succeeding in complex plans. Remained loyal to the South's capital of Virginia.

The Future Success of Ulysses S. Grant U.S. Grant was a well known from the Mexican- American war. Due to his Alcoholism. Over the course of the civil war he would eventually become the head to the Union Army.

Out West As the North continues to blunder on the East Coast Union leader U.S. Grant will have series of strong victories Taking Fort Henry in Tennessee and Donaldson in Cumberland. Eventually he would be slowed down a the battle of Shiloh.

The Emancipation Proclamation By 1862 Lincoln was looking for strategic means to win the war. He would propose his first draft of the Emancipation proclamation. Bill was passed January of It stated that all slaves in the confederate states were free. Lincoln made sure not to free slaves in the northern states for fear of angering southern allies.

African Americans in the war African Americans played a critical role in keeping the union together. 200,000 volunteered and were segregated and lead by white officers. Most famous was the victory at Fort Wagner.

Turning the Tide Grant continued to have a successful series of battles. Eventually after a drawn out siege hew would take the strategic point of Vicksburg of Mississippi. During the siege the confederacy sent Lee to invade Pennsylvania in hope it would stop Grant’s assault

Turning Point in the War Gettysburg The battle lasted three days By the end Lee had lost a significant amount of his forces Lee would never get a chance again to march on Washington. After this point we see Sherman’s march to the sea and the Union’s push into the south.

Appomattox