Accounting Information Systems: Essential Concepts and Applications Fourth Edition by Wilkinson, Cerullo, Raval, and Wong-On-Wing Chapter 2: The Business.

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Presentation transcript:

Accounting Information Systems: Essential Concepts and Applications Fourth Edition by Wilkinson, Cerullo, Raval, and Wong-On-Wing Chapter 2: The Business Environment and the AIS فصل دوم : سیستمهای اطلاعاتی حسابداری و محیط تجاری

The Business Firm as a System واحدهای تجاری به عنوان یک سیستم Business Firm Environment of the Firm Organization’s functions AIS Transaction Cycles Business Events from Operations Organization Information System Operational System Figure 2-1

System Characteristics of Business Firms مشخصات سیستمی واحدهای تجاری zObjectives اهداف zEnvironment محیط zConstraints محدودیتها zInput-Process-Output فرآیند نهاده و ستاده zFeedback بازخورد zControls کنترلها zSubsystems سیستمهای جزیی

Examples of AIS Subsystems(Merchandising) نمونه های از سیستمهای جزیی سیستمهای اطلاعاتی حسابداری ( موجودی کالا ) No Planning/Control, Investment, or Production Cycles reflected here Inventory System سیستم موجودی General Ledger System سیستم ورود دفتر کل Order entry Sales System سیستم سفارش Billing/A. Receivable Cash Receipts System صورتحساب و سیستم دریافتها Purchasing/ A. Payable/ Cash Disb. System سیستم خرید و پرداخت Human Resource Management (Payroll) System مدیریت منابع انسانی Revenue Cycle Expenditure Cycle Shipping Receiving Ext/Fin. reporting Tax & req. reporting Internal reporting

Examples of AIS Subsystems: Service Firm Revenue نمونه ای از سیستمهای جزئی سیستمهای اطلاعاتی : درآمد شرکتهای خدماتی General Ledger System سیستم حسابداری Human resource Management System (payroll) سیستم مدیریت منابع انسانی(حقوق) Service firm Revenue Cycle Billing/ A.Receivables Cash Receipts System سیستم دریافت و صورتحساب No Purchasing, Production, Planning/Control, Investment Cycles reflected here

Examples of AIS Subsystems: Production Cycle نمونه ای از سیستمهای جزئی سیستمهای اطلاعاتی حسابداری : چرخه تولید Inventory System سیستمموجودی کالا Human Resource Management (Payroll System منابع انسانی و حقوق General Ledger System سیستم حسابداری Purchasing/ A. Payable/ Cash Disb. System سیستم خرید و حسابهای پرداختنی Production System سیستم تولید Production Cycle No Revenue, and Investment Cycles reflected here

Organizational Structure in Business Firms ساختار سازمانی واحدهای تجاری zHierarchical هدایت کنندگان zMatrix: Blend functional and project- oriented structures ترکیبی از ساختارهای اجرایی و راهبری zDecentralized ساختارهای غیرمتمرکز zNetwork ساختارهای تحت شبکه

A Networked Organizational Structure یک ساختار سازمانی شرکتهای تحت شبکه Consultant Training مشاوره آموزش Marketing Consulting Services خدمات مشاوره و بازاریابی Consultant Recruitment مشاوره استخدام Operation Management مدیریت عملیات Customer Project Team تیم پروژه مشتری Customer Services Management مدیریت خدمات مشتریان Figure 2-5

The Operational System of a Manufacturing Firm سیستم عملیاتی یک شرکت تولیدی Facilities Labor (human services) Data Funds Acquiring Materials Producing Finished Goods Storing Finished Goods Shipping Finished Goods to Customer Supporting Operations AIS Information Funds Material from Supplier Manufacturing Firm Data and information flow Physical flows Figure 2-7

Useful Data Elements Concerning a Business Event داده های مفید در ارتباط با شناسایی رویدادهای تجاری zThe nature of the element and when it occurred ماهیت رویداد zWhich “agents” were involved عامل ایجاد کننده zWhat kinds of resources were involved and in what quantities میزان و نوع منبع zWhere the event took place مکان رخ دادن رویدادها