Biomechanics: Is the study of forces and their effects on the human body during movement.

Biomechanics is about studying forces and their effects on the human body during movement. WHY? To create or become higher performing athletes via better technique.

Biomechanical Principles Sub headings are: Balance and Stability Force Force Summation Projectile Motion Newton's Laws

Internal Forces External Forces Sequential Summation of forces Simultaneous summation of forces Force/Force Summation

Force ‘Force’ is the action of pushing or pulling which produces a change in the movement of a body or object. With a partner write a definition of Force Summation in your own words. Use the correct definition above to help you. You could give an example to help make your definition better.

Internal Forces Internal forces come from within the body. They are caused by actions of muscles.

External Forces External forces come from outside the body. E.g. gravity, friction, wind resistance, forces exerted by other bodies

Force Summation To give an object momentum in activities such as throwing, kicking or striking an object, the amount of momentum given to the object is determined by ‘the sum of all forces generated by each body part’ (i.e. Force Summation)

To gain maximum momentum, during the skill e.g. throw, the force needs to be generated by: Using as many segments of the body as possible In the correct sequence – Using large muscles first and moving through to the smallest and fastest muscles With the correct timing Through the greatest range of motion

Force Summation

Force Summation - Timing Each part must develop maximum velocity (or speed) before the next body part comes into action. The smaller body parts which are lighter and can move with the greatest velocity (speed) should complete the action.

Force summation – Correct Sequence

- Explain how sequential force summation is used in a basketball jump shot. Easy Question – Fill in and finish this sentence In a basketball _________ shot, you need a lot of ________ to get the ball to reach the _________. By using as many _________ as possible, the player is able to generate more ___________. This means that the basketball will have enough _________ to reach the ________. When doing this the player would use their _____ first as they are large muscles, and they would use their ______ last as they are a _________ muscle. Medium Question “For a jump shot, you need to…….” Use these terms in your answer to the above question: power/force, last, first, larger, smaller, muscles, force summation. Hard Question Answer the question above. Add to your answer how you know this information.

Read pages in workbook about Force summation Complete activity 1.2G, Questions 1 & 2